Diabetes – Cinnamon – Natural Diabetes Cure

January 29, 2012 · Posted in Diabetes Resources, Diabetes Treatments · Comment

Source: Uploaded by ThePeoplesChemist on Nov 16, 2010 to YouTube

More info: http://www.thepeopleschemist.com Award winning chemist and author Shane Ellison describes to Creative Living show host Sheryl Borden how cinnamon can control blood sugar naturally without the dangerous side effects of diabetes drugs.

Tags: blood sugar, cinnamon, control, diabetes, natural diabetes cures, Shane Ellison

Food For Type 2 Diabetes – Nutrition Mythbusters

January 11, 2012 · Posted in Diabetes and Nutrition, Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

By: Type Free Diabetes

Myth #1: Carbohydrates are bad for you.

All carbohydrates aren’t alike. Easily digested carbohydrates, such as those from white bread and white rice, if eaten often and in large quantities, may add to weight gain. But carbohydrates are also found in fruits, vegetables, beans, and dairy products; and these deliver essential vitamins, minerals, and fiber. Diabetes carbohydrates also give your body energy and help keep organs functioning properly.

A system called the glycemic index measures how fast and how far blood sugar rises after you eat a food with carbohydrates. White rice, for example, is almost immediately converted to blood sugar (glucose), causing it to rise rapidly, and so has a high glycemic index. Whole grain bread is digested more slowly, making blood sugar climb more slowly and not as high. It has a low glycemic index. Whenever possible, select carbohydrates that is whole grain, such as whole grain bread, whole wheat pasta, and old fashioned oats.

Myth #2. Vegetables mainly add fiber to your diabetic diet foods.

Vegetables are excellent sources of fiber and they supply vitamins and minerals, with very few calories. Orange vegetables like carrots, and dark leafy greens, such as spinach and collards, are good sources of vitamin A, an important nutrient to keep your eyesight keen, your skin healthy, and your immune system strong. Broccoli, pepper, and tomatoes are full of vitamin C, which promotes healing and keeps keep ligaments, tendons, and gums healthy. And beans and lentils supply potassium, which enables the body to convert blood sugar into glycogen, a stored form of energy that’s held in reserve by the muscles and liver.

Myth #3: To get calcium in your diabetic diet, you have to consume dairy products.

Milk, yogurt, and cheese are rich in calcium, which is important for building and protecting bones, Calcium Sources but theyre not the only sources of this mineral. Today, many foods are fortified with calcium, including orange juice, soy milk, breads, and cereals. Other nondairy sources of calcium are canned salmon and sardines with bones, collard greens, broccoli, and almonds. If you find it difficult to get enough calcium from your diet, you can also take calcium and glucose supplements.

Myth #4: Meat, chicken, and fish are the best sources of protein.

Foods with protein help your body build muscle and tissue, and provide diabetes vitamins and minerals. Animal sources-meat, poultry, fish, and dairy products, have what’s called complete protein, that is, they contain all the amino acids needed to build new proteins. Proteins from fruits, vegetables, grains, and nuts are called incomplete proteinstheyre missing one or more amino acids. But animal sources of protein have their drawbacks: red meat and poultry skin are high in fat, especially saturated fat (a healthy diabetic diet plan should have less than 10% of calories from saturated fat). If you eat meat, stick to lean cuts, chicken with the skin removed, and fish. If you want to try vegetable sources of protein, try beans, nuts, and whole grains.

Typefreediabetes offers a full line of diabetic supplies online, including; incontinence products for women, durable diabetes medical equipment, and body fat monitor and facts about diabetes. Typefreediabetes offers quality products at discounted prices on a wide selection of quality name brand equipment and supplies.

Check out for Low fat dessert recipes and Low fat low carb recipes

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About the Author:
TypeFreeDiabetes.com is the premier source for your diabetic needs on-line. At TypeFreeDiabetes.com, you can enjoy a balanced diabetic lifestyle by learning about – how to control blood sugar, lower body fat, diet to prevent diabetes, reduce diabetes medications and reverse diabetes complications.

Tags: carbohydrates, diabetic diet, diabetic diet foods, diabetic nutrition, diabetic supplies online, glucose supplements, incontenance products, low fat desserts, Nutrition, Type Free Diabetes

Diabetes Screenings, Supplies, and Self – Management Training – Medicare.gov

January 9, 2012 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

You are here: Home>Manage Your Health>Preventive Services>Diabetes Screening

Preventive Services

Diabetes Screenings, Supplies, and
Self-Management Training

How often is it covered?

Medicare covers up to two Fasting Blood Glucose tests each year.

Who’s eligible?

Medicare covers these tests for people who have any of the following risk factors: high blood pressure (hypertension), history of abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels (dyslipidemia), obesity, or a history of high blood sugar (glucose). Medicare also covers these tests if you answer yes to two or more of the following questions:

Are you age 65 or older?
Are you overweight?
Do you have a family history of diabetes (parents, brothers, sisters)?
Do you have a history of gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy), or delivery of a baby weighing more than 9 pounds?

Your costs in Original Medicare

You pay nothing for the test if your doctor accepts assignment.

Diabetes Glucose Monitors, Test Strips, and Lancets

How often is it covered?

Medicare covers blood sugar testing monitors, blood sugar test strips, lancet devices and lancets, blood sugar control solutions, and therapeutic shoes (in some cases). Insulin is only covered if used with an external insulin pump.

Note: Insulin and certain medical supplies used to inject insulin, such as syringes, and some oral diabetic drugs may be covered by Medicare prescription drug coverage (Part D).

Who’s eligible?

All people with Medicare who have diabetes.

Your costs in Original Medicare

You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the yearly Part B deductible.

Diabetes Self-Management Training

How often is it covered?

Medicare covers diabetes self-management training.

Who’s eligible?

This training is for certain people with Medicare who are at risk for complications from diabetes. You must have a written order from a doctor or other health care provider.

Your costs in Original Medicare

You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount after the yearly Part B deductible.

Diabetes Resources

National Diabetes Education Program This site contains a library of information on the program, campaigns, calendar of events, and publications.
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention This site contains facts, frequently asked questions, and reports about diabetes prevention and treatment.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases Features a wide range of resources including publications, resources to get financial help, listing of national organizations serving patients and professionals concerned about diabetes, and a newsletter. Order forms are available online and several publications are available in Spanish.
American Diabetes Association Contains sections on the organization, diabetes, membership, books, magazines, clinical practice, research, and legal issues.
National Diabetes Eye Exam Program Contact information about an available eye exam program for Medicare beneficiaries age 65 or older who have diabetes and have not had a medical eye exam in the past three years.
Healthfinder This site helps consumers find reliable health information from many Federal Agencies and non-for-profit organizations that can help them stay healthy, understand diagnosis, explore treatment options, find support, and generally become informed about health and medical topics of interest to them.
National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) Clearinghouse This site provides access to available publications and lists a toll free number to call with questions. The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse is part of the National Institutes of Health.

Bariatric Surgery for Severe Obesity – NIDDK

January 8, 2012 · Posted in Diabetes and Weight Loss, Diabetes and Youth, Diabetes Resources · 1 Comment

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Bariatric Surgery for Severe Obesity

Bariatric surgery may be the next step for people who remain severely obese after trying approaches other than surgery‚ especially if they have a disease linked to obesity.

Severe obesity is a chronic condition that is hard to treat with diet and exercise alone. Bariatric surgery is an operation on the stomach and/or intestines that helps patients with extreme obesity to lose weight. This surgery is an option for people who cannot lose weight by other means or who suffer from serious health problems related to obesity. The surgery restricts food intake, which promotes weight loss and reduces the risk of type 2 diabetes. Some surgeries also interrupt how food is digested, preventing some calories and nutrients, such as vitamins, from being absorbed. Recent studies suggest that bariatric surgery may even lower death rates for patients with severe obesity. The best results occur when patients follow surgery with healthy eating patterns and regular exercise.

Bariatric Surgery for Adults

Currently, bariatric surgery may be an option for adults with severe obesity. Body mass index (BMI), a measure of height in relation to weight, is used to define levels of obesity. Clinically severe obesity is a BMI > 40 or a BMI > 35 with a serious health problem linked to obesity. Such health problems could be type 2 diabetes, heart disease, or severe sleep apnea (when breathing stops for short periods during sleep).

Recent Development

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved use of an adjustable gastric band (or AGB) for patients with BMI > 30 who also have at least one condition linked to obesity, such as heart disease or diabetes.

Who is a good adult candidate for surgery?

Having surgery to produce weight loss is a serious decision. Anyone thinking about having this surgery should know what it involves. Answers to the following questions may help patients decide whether weight-loss surgery is right for them.

Is the patient:

Unlikely to lose weight or keep it off over the long term using other methods?
Well informed about the surgery and treatment effects?
Aware of the risks and benefits of surgery?
Ready to lose weight and improve his or her health?
Aware of how life may change after the surgery? (For example, patients need to adjust to side effects, such as the need to chew food well and the loss of ability to eat large meals.)
Aware of the limits on food choices, and occasional failures?
Committed to lifelong healthy eating and physical activity, medical follow-up, and the need to take extra vitamins and minerals?

There is no sure method, including surgery, to produce and maintain weight loss. Some patients who have bariatric surgery may have weight loss that does not meet their goals. Research also suggests that many patients regain some of the lost weight over time. The amount of weight regain may vary by extent of obesity and type of surgery. Habits such as snacking often on foods high in calories or not exercising can affect the amount of weight loss and weight regain. Problems that may occur with the surgery, like a stretched pouch or separated stitches, may also affect the amount of weight loss.

Success is possible. Patients must commit to changing habits and having medical follow-up for the rest of their lives.

Bariatric Surgery for Youth

Rates of obesity among youth are high. Bariatric surgery is sometimes used to treat youth with extreme obesity. Although it is becoming clear that teens can lose weight after bariatric surgery, many questions still exist about the long-term effects on teens’ developing bodies and minds.

Who is a good youth candidate for surgery?

Experts in childhood obesity and bariatric surgery suggest that families consider surgery only after youth have tried for at least 6 months to lose weight and have not had success.¹ Candidates should meet the following criteria:

Have extreme obesity (BMI > 40 )
Be their adult height (usually at age 13 or older for girls and 15 or older for boys)
Have serious health problems linked to weight, such as type 2 diabetes or sleep apnea, that may improve with bariatric surgery

In addition, health care providers should assess potential patients and their parents to see how emotionally prepared they are for the surgery and the lifestyle changes they will need to make. Health care providers should also refer young patients to special youth bariatric surgery centers that focus on meeting the unique needs of youth.

Mounting evidence suggests that bariatric surgery can favorably change both the weight and health of youth with extreme obesity. Over the years’ gastric bypass surgery has been the main operation used to treat extreme obesity in youth. An estimated 2,700 youth bariatric surgeries were performed between 1996 and 2003.² A review of short-term data from the largest inpatient database in the United States suggests that these surgeries are at least as safe for youth as adults. As yet, AGB has not been approved for use in the United States for people younger than age 18. However, favorable weight-loss outcomes after AGB for youth have been reported abroad.

The Normal Digestive Process

Normally, as food moves along the digestive tract, digestive juices and enzymes digest and absorb calories and nutrients. After we chew and swallow our food, it moves down the esophagus to the stomach, where a strong acid continues the digestive process. The stomach can hold about 3 pints of food at one time. When the stomach contents move to the duodenum (the first part of the small intestine), bile and pancreatic juice speed up digestion. Most of the iron and calcium in the food we eat is absorbed there. The other two parts of the nearly 20 feet of small intestine absorb nearly all of the remaining calories and nutrients. The food particles that cannot be digested in the small intestine reside in the large intestine until eliminated.

How does surgery promote weight loss?

Bariatric surgery restricts food intake, which leads to weight loss. Patients who have bariatric surgery must commit to a lifetime of healthy eating and regular exercise. These healthy habits may help patients maintain weight loss after surgery.

Types of Bariatric Surgery

The type of surgery that may help an adult or youth depends on a number of factors. Patients should discuss with their health care providers what kind of surgery is suitable for them.

What is the difference between open and laparoscopic surgery?

Bariatric surgery may be performed through “open” approaches, which involve cutting the stomach in the standard manner, or by laparoscopy. With the latter approach, surgeons insert complex instruments through 1/2-inch cuts and guide a small camera that sends images to a monitor. Most bariatric surgery today is laparoscopic because it requires a smaller cut, creates less tissue damage, leads to earlier hospital discharges, and has fewer problems, especially hernias occurring after surgery.

However, not all patients are suitable for laparoscopy. Patients who are considered extremely obese, who have had previous stomach surgery, or who have complex medical problems may require the open approach. Complex medical problems may include having severe heart and lung disease or weighing more than 350 pounds.

What are the surgical options?

There are four types of operations that are commonly offered in the United States: AGB, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), biliopancreatic diversion with a duodenal switch (BPD-DS), and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). (See Figure 1.) Each surgery has its own benefits and risks. The patient and provider should work together to select the best option by considering the benefits and risks of each type of surgery. Other factors to consider include the patient’s BMI, eating habits, health conditions related to obesity, and previous stomach surgeries.

Diagram of Surgical Options. Image credit: Walter Pories, M.D. FACS.

Figure 1

Diagram of Surgical Options. Image credit: Walter Pories, M.D. FACS.

Adjustable Gastric Band

AGB works mainly by decreasing food intake. Food intake is reduced by placing a small bracelet-like band around the top of the stomach to restrict the size of the opening from the throat to the stomach. The surgeon can then control the size of the opening with a circular balloon inside the band. This balloon can be inflated or deflated with saline solution to meet the needs of the patient.

Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

RYGB restricts food intake. RYGB also decreases how food is absorbed. Food intake is limited by a small pouch that is similar in size to the pouch created with AGB. Also, sending food directly from the pouch into the small intestine affects how the digestive tract absorbs food. The food is absorbed differently because the stomach, duodenum, and upper intestine no longer have contact with food.

Biliopancreatic Diversion with a Duodenal Switch

BPD-DS, usually referred to as a “duodenal switch,” is a complex bariatric surgery that includes three features. One feature is to remove a large part of the stomach. This step makes patients feel full sooner when eating than they did before surgery. Feeling full sooner encourages patients to eat less. Another feature is re-routing food away from much of the small intestine to limit how the body absorbs food. The third feature changes how bile and other digestive juices affect the body’s ability to digest food and absorb calories. This step also helps lead to weight loss.

In removing a large part of the stomach, the surgeon creates a more tubular “gastric sleeve” (also known as a VSG, discussed later). The smaller stomach sleeve remains linked to a very short part of the duodenum, which is then directly linked to a lower part of the small intestine. This surgery leaves a small part of the duodenum available to absorb food and some vitamins and minerals.

However, when the patient eats food, it bypasses most of the duodenum. The distance between the stomach and colon becomes much shorter after this operation, thus limiting how food is absorbed. BPD-DS produces significant weight loss. However, a decrease in the amount of food, vitamins, and minerals absorbed creates chances for long-term problems.

Some of these problems are anemia (lower than normal count for red blood cells) or osteoporosis (loss of bone mass that can make bones brittle).

Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy

VSG surgery restricts food intake and decreases the amount of food used. Most of the stomach is removed during this surgery, which may decrease ghrelin, a hormone that prompts appetite. Lower amounts of ghrelin may reduce hunger more than other purely restrictive surgeries, such as AGB.

VSG has been performed in the past mainly as the first stage of BPD-DS (discussed earlier) in patients who may be at high risk for problems from more extensive types of surgery. These patients’ high risk levels are due to body weight or medical issues. However, more recent research indicates that some patients who have VSG can lose a lot of weight with VSG alone and avoid a second procedure. Researchers do not yet know how many patients who have VSG alone will need a second stage procedure.

What are the side effects of these surgeries?

Some side effects may include bleeding, infection, leaks from the site where the intestines are sewn together, diarrhea, and blood clots in the legs that can move to the lungs and heart.

Examples of side effects that may occur later include nutrients being poorly absorbed, especially in patients who do not take their prescribed vitamins and minerals. In some cases, if patients do not address this problem promptly, diseases may occur along with permanent damage to the nervous system. These diseases include pellagra (caused by lack of vitamin B3—niacin), beri beri (caused by lack of vitamin B1—thiamine) and kwashiorkor (caused by lack of protein).

Other late problems include strictures (narrowing of the sites where the intestine is joined) and hernias (part of an organ bulging through a weak area of muscle).

Two kinds of hernias may occur after a patient has bariatric surgery. An incisional hernia is a weakness that sticks out from the abdominal wall’s connective tissue and may cause a blockage in the bowel. An internal hernia occurs when the small bowel is displaced into pockets in the lining of the abdomen. These pockets occur when the intestines are sewn together. Internal hernias are thought to be more dangerous than incisional ones and need prompt attention to avoid serious problems.

Some patients may also require emotional support to help them through the changes in body image and personal relationships that occur after the surgery.

Medical Costs

Bariatric procedures, on average, cost from $20,000 to $25,000. Medical insurance coverage varies by state and insurance provider. In 2004, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services reduced barriers to obtaining Medicare coverage for obesity treatments. Bariatric surgery may be covered under these conditions:

If the patient has at least one health problem linked to obesity
If the procedure is suitable for the patient’s medical condition
If approved surgeons and facilities are involved

Patients can contact staff at their regional Medicare, Medicaid, or health insurance office to find out if the procedure is covered and to obtain facts about options.

Research

In 2003, the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) of the NIH partnered with researchers to create the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery, or LABS. LABS researchers are experts in bariatric surgery, obesity research, internal medicine, behavioral science, and related fields. Their mission is to plan and conduct studies that will lead to more knowledge about bariatric surgery and its impact on the health and well-being of patients with extreme obesity. More information about LABS is available at http://www.niddklabs.org .

To help determine if bariatric surgery is appropriate for youth, NIH launched Teen-LABS in 2007. From 2007 to 2012, the multicenter study is collecting data from teens who plan to have surgery. The data will help to evaluate bariatric surgery’s benefits and risks. Researchers are collecting data about medical problems related to obesity, other health risk factors, and quality of life from these patients before they have surgery and 2 years after surgery. Researchers will then compare the teen outcomes to data from adults. These websites offer more information about Teen-LABS: http://www.nih.gov/news/pr/apr2007/niddk-16.htm and http://www.cincinnatichildrens.org/teen-LABS.

Resources

The following list of publications, websites, and organizations may be of use for patients or health care providers discussing bariatric surgery.

Additional Reading from the Weight-control Information Network

Active at Any Size. This fact sheet provides ideas and tips on how people considered to be overweight or obese can be physically active. It focuses on overcoming common barriers and setting goals. Available at http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/active.htm.

Binge Eating Disorder. This fact sheet provides information and resources for patients who may have binge eating disorder. Available at http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/binge.htm.

Dieting and Gallstones. This fact sheet explains what gallstones are, how they form, and the roles obesity and rapid weight loss play in developing gallstones. Available at http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/gallstones.htm.

Weight Loss for Life. This booklet describes ways to lose weight and encourages healthy eating habits and regular physical activity. Available at http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov/publications/for_life.htm.

Additional Reading for Health Care Providers

Pharmacological and Surgical Treatment of Obesity: Evidence Report/Technology Assessment: Number 103. Shekelle PG, Morton SC, Maglione M, et al. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ). AHRQ Publication Number 04–E028–1; 2004. Rockville, MD. This report reviews the scientific evidence on weight-loss drugs and bariatric surgery among children, youth, and adults. Available at http://www.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/evidence/pdf/obespharm/obespharm.pdf [PDF - 3,450 Kb].

Additional Resource

American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery
100 SW 75th Street
Suite 201
Gainesville, FL 32607
Phone: 352-331–4900
Fax: 352-331–4975
Internet: http://www.asmbs.org/

Weight-control Information Network

1 WIN Way
Bethesda, MD 20892–3665
Phone: 202-828–1025
Toll-free number: 1–877–946–4627
Fax: 202–828–1028
Email: win@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: http://www.win.niddk.nih.gov

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES
National Institutes of Health
NIH Publication No. 08–4006
March 2009
Updated June 2011

References

1. Inge TH‚ Krebs NF‚ Garcia VF‚ et al. Bariatric surgery for severely overweight adolescents: concerns and recommendations. Pediatrics. 2004 Jul;114(1):217–23.
2. Wilson ST‚ Thomas HI‚ Randall SB. Bariatric surgery in adolescents: recent national trends in use and in-hospital outcome. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine. 2007;161(3):217–221.

Toll free: 1–877–946–4627; Fax: 202–828–1028; Email: win@info.niddk.nih.gov
Weight-control Information Network, 1 WIN Way, Bethesda, MD 20892–3665

Last Modified: July 28, 2011

Source:

Tags: bariatric surgery, FDA, gastric bypass surgery, niddk, NIH, teens, type 2 diabetes

Vitamin D Can Help Shield You From Diabetes

January 5, 2012 · Posted in Diabetes and Nutrition, Diabetes Resources · Comment

By: catherinfernates

Another health breakthrough to report in the vast arena of breakthroughs that surrounds vitamin D. The “sunshine vitamin.” A new study has found that not getting enough vitamin D can put you at greater risk for one of the biggest health problems of modern times: type 2 diabetes.

This study occurred in children, but the results can be extrapolated for everyone. Looking at obese and non-obese children, researchers found that low vitamin-D levels were significantly more prevalent in obese children. And that they were associated with risk factors for type 2 diabetes. The study appeared in the “Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism.”

RECOMMENDED This Vitamin Could Beat the Flu
High rates of vitamin-D deficiency have been found in obese populations and past studies have linked low vitamin-D levels to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Those three health conditions — obesity, type 2 diabetes and heart disease — are certifiably linked.

How obesity and diabetes is related to vitamin-D deficiency is not fully understood. This new study examined associations between vitamin-D levels and dietary habits in obese children. They tested whether there were links between levels of the sunshine vitamin and abnormal blood sugar levels and/or blood pressure levels.

In the study, obese children with lower vitamin-D levels had the highest degree of insulin resistance. This is the hallmark of diabetes, meaning the body has an impaired ability to move glucose from the blood into cells where it is used as energy. The study couldn’t figure out why this is the case, but did suggest that low vitamin-D levels play some kind of role in the development of type 2 diabetes.

Here’s what happened: they measured vitamin-D levels, blood sugar levels, insulin, body mass index, and blood pressure in 411 obese subjects and 87 control non-overweight subjects. Study participants were asked to provide dietary information, including daily intake of soda, juice and milk, average daily fruit and vegetable intake, and whether or not they routinely skipped breakfast.

Sure enough, they found that habits like skipping breakfast and drinking sugary soda and juice were linked with lower vitamin-D levels among the obese kids.

Vitamin D is simply critical. If you can’t spend 15 minutes of time in direct sunlight (without using sunscreen) each day, it is a very good idea to take a vitamin-D supplement in the range of 1,000 IU.Visit for more information.:-http://www.doctorshealthpress.com/

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About the Author:
Vitamin D is simply critical. If you can’t spend 15 minutes of time in direct sunlight (without using sunscreen) each day, it is a very good idea to take a vitamin-D supplement in the range of 1,000 IU.Visit for more information.:-http://www.doctorshealthpress.com/

Tags: catherinfernates, diabetes, type 2 diabetes, vitamin D

Findings from Two Studies on Diabetic Eye Disease Treatment Released

December 29, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources, Diabetes Treatments · Comment

Diabetes Dateline
Winter 2011

Photo of the retina of an eye with diabetic macular edema. Blood vessels and yellow deposits can be seen in the retina.
A photo of an eye with diabetic macular edema.
Photo courtesy of the National Eye Institute, National Institute of Health (NIH)

A clinical trial of people with type 2 diabetes showed that intensively controlling blood glucose to near-normal levels reduced progression of diabetic retinopathy, the leading cause of vision loss in working-age Americans. Adding a fibrate drug to statin therapy for control of blood lipids also reduced disease progression. These results come from the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Eye Study, a subgroup study of the ACCORD clinical trial supported by the National Eye Institute (NEI). The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute is the primary sponsor of ACCORD.

ACCORD compared the effect of intensive control of blood glucose, blood pressure, and blood lipids with standard, less-intensive treatments on the risk of major cardiovascular disease events in more than 10,000 adults with established type 2 diabetes. While the earlier ACCORD finding of increased mortality risk outweighed the benefits of near-normal control in the group studied, the ACCORD Eye Study and other recent ACCORD findings suggest there may be benefits to controlling blood glucose to targets lower than currently recommended in patients in whom such control can be achieved safely—for example, in people recently diagnosed with diabetes.

“The ACCORD Eye Study clearly indicates that intensive glycemic control and fibrate treatment added to statin therapy separately reduce the progression of diabetic retinopathy,” said Emily Chew, M.D., chair of the Eye Study and chief of the Clinical Trials Branch of the Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications at the NEI.

The study findings were published in the July 15, 2010, issue of The New England Journal of Medicine. More information about the ACCORD Eye Study can be found at www.nei.nih.gov/news/pressreleases/062910.asp.

Combination of Ranibizumab and Laser Therapy Proves Effective in Treating Diabetic Macular Edema

Researchers have found that the drug ranibizumab (Lucentis), combined with the current standard treatment of laser therapy, is more effective than laser therapy alone in treating diabetic macular edema (DME), a major complication of diabetes that can result in vision loss. DME occurs when fluid from damaged blood vessels in the eye cause swelling of the macula, part of the retina. Ranibizumab blocks the leakage of fluid from the blood vessels. Results of this study were published in the June 2010 issue of Ophthalmology.

This study provides the first definitive proof that a combined treatment and follow-up strategy could halt and reverse diabetic eye disease. “This comparative-effectiveness study demonstrated that a new treatment can protect and, in many cases, improve the vision of people with diabetic macular edema,” said Paul A. Sieving, M.D., Ph.D., director of the NEI.

The 2-year study focused on the effectiveness of three DME treatments: laser treatment alone; ranibizumab plus laser treatment; and the steroid drug triamcinolone (Trivaris) plus laser treatment. Specifically, the researchers found that ranibizumab combined with laser treatment improved vision significantly, compared with laser treatment alone.

The multicenter clinical trial was conducted by the NEI and the Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network (DRCR.net). DRCR.net researchers will continue to monitor the study participants for at least 3 years to gather more data about the safety and effectiveness of the treatments.

For more information about this study, see www.nih.gov/researchmatters/may2010/ 05102010eye.htm or visit www.drcr.net .

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases has easy-to-read booklets and fact sheets about diabetes and its complications, including diabetic eye disease. For more information or to obtain copies, visit www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov.

NIH Publication No. 11–4562
January 2011

The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health.

Source:

National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892–3560
Phone: 1–800–860–8747
TTY: 1–866–569–1162
Fax: 703–738–4929
Email: ndic@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov

Tags: ACCORD, blood glucose, diabetic retinopathy, eye, eye treatment, National Eye Institute, niddk, NIH, type 2 diabetes

Myrtle Beach Chiropractor – How To Cure Diabetes?

December 28, 2011 · Posted in Alternative Medicine, Diabetes Resources · Comment

By: Nathalia Alexandra

Tens of millions of individuals at this time are being treated for Type 2 diabetes. Those with this type of diabetes have issues controlling blood sugar ranges because theie body doesn’t produce enough insulin or their body has developed insulin resistance says Myrtle Beach Chiropractor.

In many circumstances, patients are given prescription drugs to help management glucose levels. For these dealing with extra superior problems, insulin could also be taken regularly to keep ranges of glucose stable. Whereas some folks do want medical intervention to treat their Sort 2 diabetes effectively, many alternative diabetes therapies can be found as well. Some people have discovered that utilizing various measures to deal with the issue is enough to assist them get off their medications.

Here is a look at some of the various diabetes remedies to contemplate if you happen to are excited by a natural technique to control your blood sugar.

Chromium
One of many potential various therapies for diabetes is chromium, which happens to be a hint mineral. This mineral is essential as a result of it has lots to do with fats and carbohydrate metabolism. Additionally it is recognized to assist the cells of the body in responding correctly to insulin as well. Analysis has found that many people with diabetes have low ranges of this trace mineral and a few research are displaying that supplementation of this hint mineral could possibly help those who suffer from diabetes.

Cinnamon
Another of the potential alternative diabetes therapies to think about is cinnamon, which is a well known spice. Studies from Chiropractor Myrtle Beach that have been done on cinnamon have shown that those with Type 2 diabetes see an improvement in their blood sugar control when taking cinnamon on a daily basis. One research looked at six teams of people, with the primary three groups of individuals taking 6g, 3g, or 1g of cinnamon. The final three teams had placebo capsules of 6g, 3g, or 1g. At the end of this study, the three groups taking cinnamon all showed a big reduction of their fasting blood glucose levels. Different benefits included lowered cholesterol, and lower triglycerides. Different research have also been carried out on cinnamon, showing that it could possibly have a constructive impact on blood sugar ranges in those with diabetes.

Ginseng
Several types of ginseng are available, however relating to an alternative therapy for diabetes, it is North American ginseng that reveals the most promise. Researches on this kind of ginseng have proven that blood sugar may be better controlled when taking North American ginseng on a regular basis.

Zinc
With regards to the storage and manufacturing of insulin throughout the physique, zinc is a crucial mineral. Analysis has shown that these dealing with Type 2 diabetes often have much less zinc than needed because of an increased excretion charge and problems with a decreased absorption of zinc. Zinc can be taken as a supplement, nevertheless it also will be found in a wide range of different foods, including rooster, almonds, beef liver, egg yolks, pecans, recent oysters, buckwheat, walnuts, lima beans, lamb, and peas.

These are just a few of the choice diabetes treatments from Myrtle Beach Chiropractor to consider if you’re in search of a natural strategy to treat your Type 2 diabetes. Some other frequently used alternative therapies embody aloe vera gel, magnesium, vanadium, gymnema, vitamin D, fenugreek, and momordica charantia. In fact, before trying alternative options, it’s always best to discuss these therapy choices together with your health professional.

Article Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com

About the Author:
Nathalia Alexandra is a seasoned writer who produces about articles relevant to Internet Marketing and Alternative Medicine topics. To acquire further information about Myrtle Beach Chiropractor or Chiropractor Myrtle Beach visit our website.

Tags: alternative treatments, Myrtle Beach Chiropractor, Nathalia Alexandra, reverse diabetes, type 2 diabetes

Online Diabetes Supplies – The Fast and Easy Way to Get What You Need

December 16, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · Comment

By Max Buddenbrock

Every diabetic knows the importance of obtaining their diabetes supplies in a timely fashion. This is because these supplies are critical to their health and survival. A reliable resource for obtaining discount diabetic supplies online can be of great benefit to someone who suffers from this condition.

Diabetes prescriptions and supplies cost sufferers thousands of dollars each year, which makes it extremely important to find the most competitive pricing for the products they need. Exactly what are the benefits of buying discount diabetic supplies online, and what should you look for when evaluating online diabetes suppliers?

Benefits of Buying Diabetes Supplies Online

In the not so distant past, most diabetics relied primarily, if not solely, on pharmacy shops in their local community. Thanks to the internet, more diabetes supplies choices are available via online sources. Here are some of the benefits of buying diabetes supplies online:

1. Ability to shop for discount diabetic supplies right from home online without having to leave the house, which saves fuel, time, and hassle.

2. Ability to comparison shop easily for the best prices on diabetic equipment and supplies. Don’t forget to compare not only product prices, but shipping costs as well.

3. Convenience of shopping at any hour of the day or night, and on any day of the week.

4. Better selection and variety is generally available in online stores; local pharmacy shops are often limited in the inventory they are able to carry which means items often must be special ordered.
What to Look for When Choosing a Diabetes Product Supplier

There are some important things to consider when purchasing discount diabetic supplies on the internet. If you are safe and cautious in how you shop online, most problems can be avoided and there are many savings to be had.

1. Give the website a good going over. Make sure contact information is posted, and call the telephone number to make sure it is valid.

2. Do internet searches to flag any possible complaints or issues with a specific company.

3. Make sure all products you are considering for purchase are FDA approved and well within the product expiration date.

4. If you have insurance that covers your diabetes supplies, seek a reputable supplier who will ship the supplies directly to you and bill your insurance company for you.

5. Many online diabetes suppliers give discounts for repeat orders, which can result in even more savings.

6. Recurring shipments is another feature of many providers of discount diabetes supplies. For items you use repetitively, you can avoid the hassle of remembering to order them regularly, and you are always assured of having your items when you need them.

Living with diabetes is challenging enough without having to worry about the availability of needed supplies and finding them at the best possible prices. Shopping with a company sympathetic to your needs and offering features and conveniences to make your life easier is the type of diabetic supplies provider you want to deal with, and the ability to purchase your medical supplies online has never been easier.

Source: Retrieved from “http://www.articlesbase.com/diseases-and-conditions-articles/online-diabetes-supplies-the-fast-and-easy-way-to-get-what-you-need-4868762.html”

About the Author: Max Buddenbrock

Mini Pharmacy is a family-owned-and-operated diabetic testing supplies business providing convenient home delivery prescription services with free shipping within the U.S. Mini Pharmacy is determined to help you easily and effectively manage your diabetes. We serve everyone who requires testing supplies by providing top-quality, brand-name diabetic and medical testing supplies and over-the-counter pharmacy items.

http://diabetic-supplies-online.com

Call toll free: 1-888-545-6464
Email: info@minipharmacy.net

Tags: discount diabetes supplies, Max Buddenbrock, online, online diabetes supplies

Compression Socks Especially for Diabetic Care

December 15, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources, Diabetes Treatments · Comment

By Maddy

As the name suggests, compression socks are especially manufactured socks aimed at offering a uniform level of compression on the legs of the wearer. The main purpose of wearing such socks is to control a condition commonly referred to as pooling of blood. In this condition, blood starts accumulating the legs of the individual affected and leads to a number of consequential issues such as ache, sores, edema, and in some cases even gangrene. By offering a uniform pressure on the legs of the wearer, compression socks are able to promote the flow of blood, enabling it to travel back to the heart. This way, by promoting the flow of blood, these socks are able to prevent pooling of blood in the individual’s lower limbs.

With diabetes being one of the most commonly found ailment with pooling of blood as an associated issue, most diabetic care experts prescribe these socks to people dealing with diabetes. The reason for this condition to occur along with diabetes is the deterioration in the ability of the affected individual’s body to process cholesterol. The unprocessed cholesterol in the blood starts to deposit on the walls of the nerves causing a restriction in the blood passages, thereby preventing it from reaching the heart causing the already mentioned issues in the lower limbs of those affected.

Since the motion of blood while returning from the legs to the heart is against the gravity while the legs being the farthest body part from the heart, the deteriorated veins are unable to offer sufficient channel for the oxidized blood to reach back to the heart, and hence, pooling of blood. By using diabetic socks, people dealing with this condition are able to find relief from this problem and are able to lead a much healthier and trouble free life without having to rely on harmful medicine and highly expensive medical therapies.

Due to their large demand compression hosiery is being made in a number of options such as support pantyhose, compression knee socks, and several other remarkable options to suit people with different needs. However, when buying any type of compression socks, it is extremely important to ensure the quality of the option you are going for. This is particularly important as people often get lured by ridiculously low priced imports and waste their money as poor quality compression hosieries slack after a very short while, making them utter wastage of your hard-earned money.

Source: Retrieved from “http://www.articlesbase.com/womens-health-articles/compression-socks-especially-for-diabetic-care-5475341.html”

Maddy – About the Author:

The author is an experienced Content writer and publisher on the topics related to Compression socks and Support pantyhose.

Tags: Compression socks, diabetes care, diabetic socks, Maddy

Do You Need to Get Diabetes Supplies?

December 10, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · Comment

By Carlos Molina Codecido

Diabetes is a condition of high glucose level in the body. Diabetic person also experiences excessive urination and persistent thirst. It is a long time illness that has no permanent solution. Yet, there is no need to get depressed. Technological advancements have made life easy for people diagnosed with blood sugar. Regularly testing of blood sugar level can help to keep it low. A healthy diet and fitness regime can keep the diabetic people energetic and help to lead a normal lifestyle.

People having diabetes might be spending much on the diabetes supplies, testing kits, insulin and medicines. Apart from medicines, diabetic people need to eat special diet and frequently test their blood sugar margin. This can be a bit expensive in the long run while suffering from diabetics. A few simple tips can help to reduce the costs involved in handling expenses related to blood sugar problem.

Diabetic people can request their physicians to prescribe generic diabetic medicines for them. These cost less but work as effectively as the branded varietal ones. One could also opt for generic blood sugar testing strips. These could also be bought for lesser price at a retail pharmacy store. There are few drug manufacturing companies that offer patient assistance. Diabetic patients can request their physicians to refer them for the assistance program to avail larger discounts and free samples of diabetic supplies.

Among diabetes supplies, self testing kits are considered most important. These can be carried on camps and trips to monitor the blood sugar in the body anytime and anywhere. These are quite affordable and cost less than $80. Such glucose testing meters can be bought at any pharmacy stores or even ordered online from stores selling supplies for diabetics.

People with blood sugar problems need to take specified insulin dosage in case of higher sugar level in the body. For this purpose, there are different types of devices apart from normal syringes. A diabetic person could choose from pen injectors, jet injectors, insulin pumps or infusers to take a shot of insulin. These supplies to should always kept in stock to avoid complications and to keep the glucose level in control. While jet injectors and pumps cost from $500 to $1000, pen injectors cost less than $100 and can be considered when on budget.

It would also be advisable to check for online stores that deliver diabetes supplies. These websites have all medications related to diabetics. Some online stores also provide great discounts, free of charge delivery and no claim forms. One can call them on the given phone numbers, do a little background check and order for their medications to be conveniently delivered at their doorstep for no additional cost.

Final Tip: by researching and comparing the different => free diabetes supplies companies <= you will get the one that is right for you at little or not cost. Fortunately, we have already done the work for you and listed a company where you can get totally free supplies for diabetics..

Carlos Molina runs the Free Diabetic Testing Supplies website – where you can see his recommendation of the best company to get completely free diabetic supplies. Visit for further information and read her full reviews of the best guides and treatments for diabetics, plus articles and video assistance.

Article Source: http://EzineArticles.com/?expert=Carlos_Molina_Codecido

Tags: Carlos Molina Codecido, diabetes, discount, free diabetes supplies, generic, generic presrciptions, medicine, supplies, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes

Benefits Of Omega 3 For Type 2 Diabetes

December 9, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Prevention, Diabetes Resources · 1 Comment

By: Sandy Sachs

You should be aware that you could fall in the high risk category for type 2 diabetes if you are obese, prone to having high blood pressure or are a lazy couch potato. It is estimated that 9 out of 100 people that are over the age of 20 will develop type 2 diabetes. There has been new research done on the benefits of omega 3 fatty acids from cold water fish. The research indicates that addition of omega 3 to the diet could indeed be helpful in warding off diabetes 2. The EPA and DHA present in fish oil could possibly show positive results within 7 months.

In medical terminology, presence of excessive sugar in the blood is known as diabetes. It’s a disease related to carbohydrates. Type 2 is the more common type of diabetes. A person with type 2 diabetes does have insulin but it can’t process the sugar to convert it into energy.

A person with diabetes has a higher risk factor of having a heart attack. It is 6 times more than the people who do not have diabetes. They also have a risk of developing heart disease which is 3 to 8 times higher than someone with out diabetes. If they include omega 3 in their diets, it could be very helpful in maintaining their healthier heart.

Cardiovascular mortality could be reduced by over 30%, if just 1 gram of omega 3 is included in the diet either by eating the food rich in omega 3 or through omega 3 supplements. That could be reducing the risk of a heart attack by 45%.

The omega 3 fatty acids are present in fish such as tuna, salmon, rainbow trout, mackerel and sardines. They are the fatty fish. This type of fish are loaded with polyunsaturated fatty acids that are helpful in lowering your triglycerides. They will also help you maintain a healthy heart rhythm, reduce your blood pressure by small decreases and help with blood clotting. Taking omega 3 fish oil or other supplements may also be helpful for the statin drugs you may already be taking for cholesterol to do an even better job.

As with most diseases, doctors first advise you to change your lifestyle such as your diet and adding exercise in your daily regimen. Normally weight loss is an important factor. 80% of people who have diabetes are obese. Loosing weight will also help you control your blood pressure. Exercising on a regular basis will help improve with glucose control, blood lipid levels,helps the flowing of your blood, helps you to remain physically fit and can reduce your chance of heart disease. Shedding extra flab also will reduce your chances of catching diabetes.

People living in Alaska and Greenland have healthier hearts as compared to Americans and also have fewer cases of diabetes. They consume a lot of fatty fish that contain omega 3 fatty acids. The Japanese too consume large amounts of fish and also have lesser cases of heart disease and diabetes.

Getting omega 3 in your diet if you are a diabetic may help you live a healthier and longer life. Lower your risk of dying of heart disease by eating fish twice a week or getting a daily amount of omega 3 in your diet.

Article Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com

About the Author:
Come visit www.whatsomega3goodfor.com for more information on Omega 3 Benefits

Tags: diabetes, omega 3, omega-3 fatty acids, Sara Sachs, type 2 diabetes

Normal Blood Sugar Level Charts

November 28, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · Comment

Source: Uploaded by taulandi on Jan 4, 2010 to YouTube

http://www.all-about-beating-diabetes.com/normal-sugar-blood-level.html

After you notice diabetes symptoms, your next step is to measure your diabetes blood sugar levels. Your doctor will prescribe you HbA1c test.

Tags: A1C test, blood sugar level chart, diabetes, HbA1c test, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes

Typefreediabetes.com – Diabetes Menu Planner

November 26, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources, Diabetes Treatments · Comment

By: Type Free Diabetes

A diabetes menu planner is very important for people with Type 2 diabetes. That is because Mediterranean Food Pyramid the foods they eat to be as healthy as possible. The food you eat has a direct impact on your blood glucose, body fat, and overall health. That is why it is so important for diabetics to create a realistic diabetes diet plan. Insulin-resistant people have special diet needs.

The Need for a Diabetic Diet Plan

As a Type 2 diabetic, you need to be careful about the excess fat on your body. But, more importantly you need to be careful about the amount of sugar (from sugar added in processed foods, and from starches like white rice or white potato or white bread) that you eat with each diabetes type 2 recipes and meals.

For example, simple starches like white rice may spike blood sugar levels very high, very quickly for a diabetic and non-diabetic. The speed of the rise of sugar in the blood is predicted by the glycemic index rating. So, for a diabetic, eating simple starches like white rice may require careful planning.
People with diabetes must really understand the value of using the glycemic index and glycemic load concepts as important tools for eating healthy. If you must eat white rice or white potato or white white bread, plan to have protein/meat and vegetables (complex carbs), with a small amount of rice on the plate. Therefore, diabetics should always make good choices of the foods that they eat. Good choices in carbs include what you eat (on the glycemic index list) and how much you eat (as measured by glycemic load).

Diabetes Menu Planner

One of the best ways for diabetics to control the quality of their meals is to plan their diabetes menus. diabetic diet meals planning means that you create a menu for the day, week, or even month that you stick to. A good diabetes menu plan will include diabetes snack options that will help to control your appetite as well as different diabetic meal options so that you don’t get bored by eating the same foods over and over again.

We at TypeFreeDiabetes.com prefer the Mediterranean food pyramid because it includes higher glycemic index carbs that most food pyramids. Obviously, the larger amounts of food and activities start at the bottom suggesting daily use, and gets smaller as you move up (weekly) toward the top which suggest monthly use.

Diabetes Menu Planning Goals

The goal of every diabetes menu plan should be to ensure that you have a balanced diet with an appropriate amount of:

Diabetes carbohydrates (45%-65%) – Use more low Glycemic Index carbs than high
Proteins (10%-35%) – Keep it lean
Unsaturated fats (20%-35%) – Monounsaturated and polyunsaturated

Diabetic diet menu planning is an also an excellent way to keep track of calories.
The average person should consume about 2,000 calories per day to ensure that their body functions properly and they have enough energy to be active. It is also recommended that the average person consumers about:
100 grams of protein (at 4Cal/gram)
275 grams of carbohydrates (at 4 Cal/gram)
56 grams of fat (at 9 Cal/gram) each day (yes – it is actually important to consume fat – that is monounsaturated fats and polyunsaturated fats from plants and fish). Eat as little saturated fats as possible. Saturated fats mostly come from non-fish animals, like birds, cows and pigs.

http://www.typefreediabetes.com/ is dedicated to providing you the tools and resources to help you build your diabetic diet plan. A good Diabetes menu plan will not only provide information that is based on careful research 2000-Calorie-Meal-Plan, but we also provide a range of recipes for diabetes (including diabetes snacks, vegetarian recipes, and even diabetes desserts) that are suitable for any healthy diet.

Check out our Nutrition and low fat dessert recipes sections for more information about how you can plan your tasty diabetes menus and live a healthy diabetes life style by eating well! Remember, the food choices you make will have a major impact on your blood sugar. Bad food choices will raise your blood sugar, that will cause you to use more diabetes drugs, or make you suffer severe diabetes complications. The choices are yours to make. Prevention is much more pleasant that the cure.

Typefreediabetes offers a full line of diabetes diabetic supplies online, including; diabetic socks for men, durable diabetes medical equipment, and blood glucose test meter and facts about diabetes. Typefreediabetes offers quality products at discounted prices on a wide selection of quality name brand equipment and supplies.
Check out for Body Fat Measurement and Body fat weight scale

Article Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com

Tags: body fat measurement, body fat weight scale, diabetes, Typefreediabetes

The Medicare Blog – Diabetes Screenings, Supplies, Training

November 9, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · 55 Comments

The official blog for the U.S. Medicare program. For more information, please visit www.medicare.gov

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Diabetes Screenings, Supplies, and Training – Medicare Has You Covered

October 27 by Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services

Diabetes affects millions of people – are you one of them? Medicare covers supplies and self-management training to help you manage your diabetes. Many people with diabetes don’t know that they have it – and Medicare covers screening tests so you can find out if you do.

If you’re at high risk for developing diabetes, Medicare covers up to two fasting blood glucose (blood sugar) tests each year. If your doctor accepts assignment, you pay nothing for this test. You may be at high risk for diabetes if you have high blood pressure, high cholesterol, obesity, or a family history of diabetes. Talk to your doctor to find out when you should get your free screening test.

If you have diabetes, Medicare covers many of your supplies, including test strips, monitors, and control solutions. In some cases, Medicare also covers therapeutic shoes if you have diabetic foot problems. You pay 20% of the Medicare-approved amount for these supplies.

Medicare also covers diabetes self-management training to help you learn how to better manage your diabetes. You can learn how to monitor your blood sugar, control your diet, exercise, and manage your prescriptions. Talk to your doctor about how this training can help you stay healthy and avoid serious complications.

Take control of your health – talk to your doctor today about screening tests and what supplies and training you may need for your health.

Recent PostsMedicare Open Enrollment: Making the Best Choice for You

FDA Approves Combination Therapy Drug – Juvisync

October 11, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · 1 Comment

FDA NEWS RELEASE

For Immediate Release: Oct. 7, 2011
Media Inquiries: Morgan Liscinsky, 301-796-0397
Consumer Inquiries: 888-INFO-FDA

FDA approves combination therapy Juvisync
First combination drug to treat type 2 diabetes and high cholesterol in one tablet

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration today approved Juvisync (sitagliptin and simvastatin), a fixed-dose combination (FDC) prescription medication that contains two previously approved medicines in one tablet for use in adults who need both sitagliptin and simvastatin.

About 20 million people in the United States have type 2 diabetes, and they often have high cholesterol levels as well. These conditions can lead to increased risk of heart disease, stroke, kidney disease and blindness, among other chronic conditions, particularly if left untreated or poorly treated.

Sitagliptin is a dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that enhances the body’s own ability to lower elevated blood sugar and is approved for use in combination with diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes. Simvastatin is an HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, or statin, approved for use with diet and exercise to reduce the amount of “bad cholesterol” (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol or LDL-C) in the blood.

“This is the first product to combine a type 2 diabetes drug with a cholesterol lowering drug in one tablet,” said Mary H. Parks, M.D., director of the Division of Metabolism and Endocrinology Products in the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research. “However, to ensure safe and effective use of this product, tablets containing different doses of sitagliptin and simvastatin in fixed-dose combination have been developed to meet the different needs of individual patients. Dose selection should factor in what other drugs the patient is taking.”

This FDC is based on substantial experience with both sitagliptin and simvastatin, and the ability of the single tablet to deliver similar amounts of the drugs to the bloodstream as when sitagliptin and simvastatin are taken separately. Juvisync is a convenience combination and should only be prescribed when it is appropriate for a patient to be placed on both of these drugs.

Juvisync was approved in dosage strengths for sitagliptin/simvastatin of 100 mg/10 mg, 100 mg/20 mg and 100 mg/40 mg. The company has committed to develop FDC tablets with the sitagliptin 50 mg dose, as Juvisync 50 mg/10 mg, 50 mg/20 mg and 50 mg/40 mg. Pending availability of the FDC tablets containing 50 mg of sitagliptin, patients who require this dose should continue to use the single ingredient sitagliptin tablet. There is no plan to develop FDCs with the sitagliptin 25 mg dose as use of this dose is quite low.

Simvastatin is currently marketed in dosage strengths of 5, 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg. Due to recent restrictions placed on the use of the 80 mg dose because of a higher risk of muscle toxicity, there will not be a FDC using this dose. There is also no plan to develop FDCs with the simvastatin 5 mg dose as use of this dose is quite low as well.

The FDA has recently become aware of the potential for statins to increase blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. This risk appears very small and is outweighed by the benefits of statins for reducing heart disease in diabetes. However, the prescribing information for Juvisync will inform doctors of this possible side effect. The company will also be required to conduct a post-marketing clinical trial comparing the glucose lowering ability of sitagliptin alone compared to sitagliptin given with simvastatin.

Juvisync is approved with a Medication Guide that provides important information to patients. The most common side effects of Juvisync include upper respiratory infection; stuffy or runny nose and sore throat; headache; muscle and stomach pain; constipation; and nausea.

Juvisync is manufactured by MSD International GmbH Clonmel, Co. in Tipperary, Ireland.

For more information:

Source: The FDA, an agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, protects the public health by assuring the safety, effectiveness, and security of human and veterinary drugs, vaccines and other biological products for human use, and medical devices. The agency also is responsible for the safety and security of our nation’s food supply, cosmetics, dietary supplements, products that give off electronic radiation, and for regulating tobacco products.

Tags: cholesterol, combination, diabetes, drug, FDA, Juvisync

Diabetes Topics A to Z – 2nd edit.

October 9, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

Home : Diabetes A-Z List of Topics and Titles

Diabetes

A-Z List of Topics and Titles

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

G

Gastroparesis and Diabetes
Gestational Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
Gestational Diabetes (See Diabetes and Pregnancy) (from MedlinePlus)
Gestational Diabetes and Women (Podcast) (from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Gestational Diabetes: Caring for Women During and After Pregnancy (PDF, 219 KB) * (from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) (for health care professionals)
Gestational Diabetes Causes
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
Get Real! You don’t have to knock yourself out to prevent diabetes! (PDF, 987 KB) *
Glaucoma (See Facts About Diabetic Retinopathy) (from the National Eye Institute)
Glucose Meters (from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration)
Glucose Monitoring
Glucose Tolerance Test (See Diagnosis of Diabetes)
Glycated Hemoglobin (from MedlinePlus)
Guiding Principles of Diabetes Care (PDF, 351 KB) * (for health care professionals)

H

Heart Disease and Diabetes
Helping the Student with Diabetes Succeed: A Guide for School Personnel (PDF, 1.41 MB) *
Help Your Family Prevent Kidney Failure
Hemoglobin A1C (PDF, 134 KB) *
Hemoglobinopathies and the A1C Test (See Sickle Cell Trait and Other Hemoglobinopathies and Diabetes: Important Information for Physicians)
Hemoglobin Variants and the A1C Test (See For People of African, Mediterranean, or Southeast Asian Heritage: Important Information about Diabetes Blood Tests)
High Blood Pressure and Diabetes
Hispanics/Latinos and Diabetes
How You Can Help Your Loved One with Diabetes (PDF, 201 KB) *
Hypertension
Hypoglycemia

I

I Can Lower My Risk for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for American Indians
If You Have Diabetes…know your blood sugar numbers! (PDF, 131 KB) *
Imaging Studies (See Diagnosis of Diabetes)
Impotence (See Erectile Dysfunction)
Insulin (See What I need to know about Diabetes Medicines)
Insulin-dependent Diabetes Mellitus (See Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2)
Insulin Infusion Systems (See Alternative Devices for Taking Insulin)
Insulin Pumps (See Alternative Devices for Taking Insulin)
Insulin Resistance and Pre-diabetes
Insurance (See Financial Help for Diabetes Care)
Islet Transplantation (See Pancreatic Islet Transplantation)
It’s Never Too Early to Prevent Diabetes. A Lifetime of Small Steps for a Healthy Family (Gestational Diabetes) (PDF, 307 KB) *
It’s Not Too Late to Prevent Diabetes

J

Juvenile Diabetes

K

Ketones (See Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2)
Kidney Disease of Diabetes
Kidney Disease: What African Americans Need to Know
Kidney Problems and Diabetes
Know Your Blood Sugar Numbers (PDF, 131 KB) *

L

Laboratory Tests (See Diagnosis of Diabetes)
Large-print Diabetes Publications
Latinos/Hispanics and Diabetes
Logbook for blood glucose
Loss of Bladder Control
Low Blood Glucose (See Hypoglycemia)
Low-literacy Diabetes Publications
Low Vision (See Diabetic Retinopathy)

M

Make the Kidney Connection
Making a Difference: The Business Community Takes on Diabetes (PDF, 448 KB) *
Managing Cystic Fibrosis-Related Diabetes (CFRD) (PDF, 732 KB) *
Managing Gestational Diabetes: A Patient’s Guide to a Healthy Pregnancy (from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development)
Meal Planning and Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
Meal Planning Using Carbohydrate Counting (from the American Diabetes Association)
Medicare Coverage for Blood Sugar Testing
Medications (from MedlinePlus)
Medicines for Diabetes (Large Print Version) (PDF, 756 KB) *
Medicines for Diabetes (See What I need to know about Diabetes Medicines)
Metabolic Syndrome (See Insulin Resistance and Pre-diabetes)
MODY (See Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young)
Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)
More Than 50 Ways to Prevent Diabetes (PDF, 327 KB) *
Move it! And Reduce Your Risk of Diabetes

N

National Diabetes Statistics
Neonatal Diabetes (See Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young)
Neonatal Forms of Diabetes (See Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes Mellitus and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young)
Nerve Problems and Diabetes
Neuropathy (See Diabetic Neuropathies: The Nerve Damage of Diabetes)
New Beginnings: A Discussion Guide for Living Well with Diabetes (PDF, 10.5 MB) *
Newsletter Diabetes Dateline (periodic e-newsletter for health care professionals)
Next Steps After Your Diagnosis: Finding Information and Support (from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)
Numbers At-a-Glance (PDF, 60.7 KB) *

O

OGTT (See Diagnosis of Diabetes)
Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) (See Diagnosis of Diabetes)
Organizations, Directory of Diabetes

P

Pancreatic Islet Transplantation
PCOS (See Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) (from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development)
Peripheral Neuropathy (See Diabetic Neuropathies: The Nerve Damage of Diabetes)
Physical Activity and Diabetes
Physical Activity Publications (from the Weight-control Information Network)
Pills for Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
Pills for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for Adults (from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality)
The Pima Indians: Pathfinders for Health
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development)
The Power to Control Diabetes Is in Your Hands
The Power to Control Diabetes Is in Your Hands Community Outreach Kit (PDF, 296 KB)
Power to Prevent: A Family Lifestyle Approach to Diabetes Prevention (PDF, 2.93 MB) *
Preconception Care (See For Women with Diabetes: Your Guide to Pregnancy)
Pre-diabetes (See Introduction to Diabetes)
Pregnancy and Type 1 Diabetes
Pregnancy and Type 2 Diabetes
Pregnancy (Gestational Diabetes) (Easy-to-Read)
Pregnancy (Pre-existing Diabetes)
Premixed Insulin Analogues: A Comparison With Other Treatments for Type 2 Diabetes (from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) (for health care professionals)
Premixed Insulin for Type 2 Diabetes: A Guide for Adults (from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) (for health care professionals)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Diabetes Under Control (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Diabetes Under Control (Large Print Version) (PDF, 640 KB) *
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Eyes Healthy (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Eyes Healthy (Large Print Version) (PDF, 532 KB) *
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Feet and Skin Healthy (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Feet and Skin Healthy (Large Print Version) (PDF, 604 KB) *
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Heart and Blood Vessels Healthy (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Heart and Blood Vessels Healthy (Large Print Version) (PDF, 801 KB) *
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Kidneys Healthy (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Kidneys Healthy (Large Print Version) (PDF, 3,500 KB) *
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Nervous System Healthy (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Nervous System Healthy (Large Print Version) (PDF, 953 KB) *
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Teeth and Gums Healthy (Easy-to-Read)
Prevent Diabetes Problems: Keep Your Teeth and Gums Healthy (Large Print Version) (PDF, 622 KB) *
Preventing Type 2 Diabetes
Preventing Type 2 Diabetes: Information for Patients
Pumps (See Alternative Devices for Taking Insulin)

R

Recipe and Meal Planner Guide
Red Blood Cell Variants and the A1C Test (See For People of African, Mediterranean, or Southeast Asian Heritage: Important Information about Diabetes Blood Tests)
Research about Type 1 Diabetes
Research-focused Materials, Diabetes
Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes
The Road to Health Toolkit: Training Guide (PDF, 1.16 MB) * (for health care professionals)

S

Self-Monitoring (See Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your diabetes under control)
Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG) (See If you have diabetes…know your blood sugar numbers!) (PDF, 131 KB) *
Sexual and Urologic Problems of Diabetes
Sick Days
Sickle Cell Trait and Other Hemoglobinopathies and Diabetes: Important Information for Physicians
Sickle Cell Trait and the A1C Test: Information for Patients
Silent Trauma: Diabetes, Health Status, and the Refugee -Southeast Asians in the United States (for health care professionals)
Small Steps, Big Rewards: Prevent Type 2 Diabetes campaign
SMBG (See If you have diabetes…know your blood sugar numbers!) (PDF, 131 KB) *
Spanish, Diabetes Publications
Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research: Evaluation Report
Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research: Executive Summary
Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research: Report on Progress and Opportunities
Special Statutory Funding Program for Type 1 Diabetes Research: Report on Progress and Opportunities: Executive Summary
Starch (See Carbohydrate Counting )
Statistics, Diabetes
Stomach Nerve Damage (See Gastroparesis and Diabetes)
Sugar (Dietary) (Easy-to-Read)
Syndrome X (See Insulin Resistance and Pre-diabetes)

T

Take Care of Your Feet for a Lifetime
Take Care of Your Heart. Manage Your Diabetes (PDF, 84.3 KB) *
Tasty Recipes for People with Diabetes and Their Families-Recipe booklet
Team Care: Comprehensive Lifetime Management for Diabetes (PDF, 373 KB) * (for health care professionals)
Teens and Diabetes
Teeth and Gums and Diabetes
Tests, Diabetes (See Diagnosis of Diabetes)
Therapeutic Management, Delivery, and Postpartum Risk Assessment and Screening in Gestational Diabetes (PDF, 1.63 MB) * (from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality) (for health care professionals)
Tips for Helping a Person with Diabetes (PDF, 204 KB) *
Tips for Kids: How to Lower Your Risk for Type 2 Diabetes (PDF, 5.36 MB) *
Tips for Teens: Lower Your Risk for Type 2 Diabetes (PDF, 603 KB) *
Tips for Teens with Diabetes: Dealing With the Ups and Downs of Diabetes (PDF, 199 KB) *
Tips to Help You Stay Healthy
Transient Diabetes in Newborns (See Monogenic Forms of Diabetes: Neonatal Diabetes and Maturity-onset Diabetes of the Young)
Transplantation of Pancreatic Islet Cells (See Pancreatic Islet Transplantation)
Treatments for Diabetes
Two reasons I find time to prevent diabetes…my future and theirs
Type 1 Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
Type 1 Diabetes Causes
Type 2 Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
Type 2 Diabetes Causes

V

Vision Problems (See Prevent diabetes problems: Keep your eyes healthy)

W

We Have the Power to Prevent Diabetes
Weight Control (from the Weight-control Information Network)
What I need to know about Diabetes Medicines (Easy-to-Read)
What I need to know about Diabetes Medicines (Large Print Version) (PDF, 756 KB) *
What I need to know about Eating and Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
What I need to know about Eating and Diabetes (Large Print Version) (PDF, 1,601 KB) *
What I need to know about Gestational Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
What I need to know about Physical Activity and Diabetes (Easy-to-Read)
Working Together to Manage Diabetes: A Guide for Pharmacists, Podiatrists, Optometrists, and Dental Professionals (for health care professionals)
Working Together to Manage Diabetes: Diabetes medication Supplement (for health care professionals)
Working Together to Manage Diabetes Poster (for health care professionals)

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You are the heart of your family…take care of it. (English and Spanish) (PDF, 258 KB) *
You are the heart of your family…take care of it. (Flipchart) (English and Spanish) (PDF, 3.9 MB) *
Your Guide to Diabetes: Type 1 and Type 2 (Easy-to-Read)
Your Guide to Physical Activity and Your Heart (from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute) (PDF, 1.3 MB) *

Our materials come in various formats

Awareness and Prevention Series

Brief overviews to raise awareness among people not yet diagnosed.

Easy-to-Read Booklets

Basic information presented in easy-to-understand terms.

Fact Sheets

In-depth information for patients, health professionals, and students.

National Diabetes Education Program

Booklets, fact sheets, CDs, and more for consumers, health care providers, and organizations.

Source: The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health.

Tags: A to Z, diabetes, niddk, NIH, resources, topics

Directory of Diabetes Organizations

September 14, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

Directory of Diabetes Organizations

On this page:

This directory lists Government agencies and voluntary associations that provide diabetes information and resources. Some of these diabetes organizations offer educational materials and support to people with diabetes and the general public, while others serve primarily health care professionals.

Department of Health and Human Services

National Institutes of Health (NIH)

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Internet: www.niddk.nih.gov

The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) is the Government’s lead agency for diabetes research. The NIDDK operates three Information Clearinghouses of potential interest to people seeking diabetes information and funds six Diabetes Research and Training Centers and eight Diabetes Endocrinology Research Centers.

National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC)

1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3560
Phone: 1-800-860-8747
Fax: 703-738-4929
Email: ndic@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov

Mission: To serve as a diabetes information, educational, and referral resource for health professionals and the public. NDIC is a service of the NIDDK.

Materials: Diabetes education materials are available free or at little cost. Literature searches on myriad subjects related to diabetes are provided. NDIC publishes Diabetes Dateline, a quarterly newsletter.

National Digestive Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NDDIC)

2 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3570
Phone: 1-800-891-5389
Fax: 703-738-4929
Email: nddic@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.digestive.niddk.nih.gov

Mission: To serve as a digestive disease informational, educational, and referral resource for health professionals and the public. NDDIC is a service of the NIDDK.

Materials: Educational materials about digestive diseases, available free or at little cost. Literature searches on a myriad of subjects related to digestive diseases are also provided. NDDIC publishes Digestive Diseases News, a quarterly newsletter.

National Kidney and Urologic Diseases Information Clearinghouse (NKUDIC)

3 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3580
Phone: 1-800-891-5390
Fax: 703-738-4929
Email: nkudic@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.kidney.niddk.nih.gov

Mission: To serve as a kidney and urologic disease informational, educational, and referral resource for health professionals and the public. NKUDIC is a service of NIDDK.

Materials: Educational materials on kidney and urologic diseases are available free or at little cost. Literature searches on a myriad of subjects related to kidney and urologic diseases are provided. NKUDIC publishes Kidney Disease Research Updates and Urologic Diseases Research Updates, quarterly newsletters.

National Diabetes Education Program (NDEP)

1 Diabetes Way
Bethesda, MD 20814-9692
Phone: 1-800-438-5383
Fax: 703-738-4929
Email: ndep@mail.nih.gov
Internet: www.ndep.nih.gov

Mission: To improve the treatment and outcomes for people with diabetes, to promote early diagnosis, and to prevent or delay the onset of diabetes.

Materials: Diabetes education materials are available free or at little cost.

National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP)

3 Kidney Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892
Phone: 1-866-4-KIDNEY or 1-866-454-3639
Fax: 301-402-8182
Email: nkdep@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.nkdep.nih.gov

Mission: NKDEP is an initiative of the National Institutes of Health, designed to reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by kidney disease and its complications.

NKDEP aims to raise awareness of the seriousness of kidney disease, the importance of testing those at high risk (those with diabetes, high blood pressure, or a family history of kidney failure), and the availability of treatment to prevent or slow kidney failure.

Materials: Educational materials about kidney disease, available free or at little cost.

Weight-control Information Network (WIN)

1 WIN Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3665
Phone: 1-877-946-4627 or 202-828-1025
Fax: 202-828-1028
Email: win@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: win.niddk.nih.gov

Mission: To address the health information needs of individuals through the production and dissemination of educational materials. In addition, WIN is developing communication strategies for a pilot program to encourage at-risk individuals to achieve and maintain a healthy weight by making changes in their lifestyle.

Materials: Fact sheets, brochures, reprints, consensus statements, and literature searches on weight control, obesity, and weight-related nutritional disorders. WIN’s semiannual newsletter, WIN Notes, provides health professionals with the latest research findings and progress in the WIN program.

Diabetes Research and Training Centers (DRTCs)
Diabetes Endocrinology Research Centers (DERCs)

Mission: The NIDDK supports two types of centers to foster diabetes research: Diabetes Research and Training Centers and Diabetes Endocrinology Research Centers. These centers facilitate progress in research by providing shared resources to enhance the efficiency of biomedical research and foster collaborations within and among institutions with established, comprehensive bases of research relevant to diabetes mellitus. They focus on basic and clinical research. In addition, the DRTCs provide substantial support for cores and pilot and feasibility projects directed at prevention and control of diabetes and translation of research advances into clinical practice.

Materials: Individual centers produce a variety of diabetes education materials. For information about publications and programs, contact the individual centers listed below.

DRTCs

Albert Einstein College of Medicine DRTC
Elizabeth A. Walker, Ph.D.
Professor, Department of Medicine (Endocrinology)
Professor, Department of Epidemiology & Population Health
Jack and Pearl Resnick Campus
1300 Morris Park Avenue
Belfer Building, Room 705
Bronx, NY 10461
Phone: 718-430-3242
Fax: 718-430-8557
Email: walker@aecom.yu.edu

University of Chicago DRTC
Donald Steiner, M.D., or Graeme Bell, Ph.D
Howard Hughes Medical Institute
University of Chicago
Bell Laboratory
5812 S. Ellis Street
Chicago, IL 60637
5841 South Maryland Avenue, AMB N216
Chicago, IL 60637
Phone: 773-702-1334
Fax: 773-702-4292
Email: dfsteine@uchicago.edu

Indiana University DRTC
David G. Marrero, Ph.D.
Indiana University School of Medicine
The National Institute for Fitness and Sport
Room 122
250 North University Boulevard
Indianapolis, IN 46202
Phone: 317-278-0905
Fax: 317-278-0911
Email: dgmarrer@iupui.edu

University of Michigan DRTC
Martha Funnell, M.S., R.N., C.D.E.
Michigan Diabetes Research and Training Center
University of Michigan Medical School
300 NIB, 3D06, Box 0489
Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0489
Phone: 734-936-9237
Fax: 734-936-8967
Email: mfunnell@umich.edu
Internet: www.med.umich.edu/mdrtc

Vanderbilt University DRTC
Alvin C. Powers, M.D.
Joe C. Davis Chair in Biomedical Science
Professor of Medicine, Molecular Physiology and Biophysics
Director, Vanderbilt Diabetes Center
802 Light Hall
Nashville, TN 37232-0202
Phone: 615-322-7004
Fax: 615-343-0172
Email: al.powers@vanderbilt.edu

Washington University DRTC
Edwin Fisher, Ph.D.
Professor of Psychology, Medicine, and Pediatrics
Division of Health Behavior Research
Washington University
4444 Forest Park Avenue
St. Louis, MO 63108
Phone: 314-286-1900 or 314-286-1940
Fax: 314-286-1919
Email: efisher@im.wustl.edu

DERCs

Joslin Diabetes Center DERC
C. Ronald Kahn, M.D.
President and Director, Joslin Diabetes Center
Mary K. Iacocca
Professor of Medicine
Harvard Medical School
One Joslin Place
Boston, MA 02215
Phone: 617-732-2635
Fax: 617-732-2487
Email: c.ronald.kahn@joslin.harvard.edu
Internet: www.joslin.harvard.edu

Massachusetts General Hospital DERC
Joseph Avruch, M.D.
Chief, Diabetes Unit Medical Service
Department of Molecular Biology
Simches Research Building
Wellman 8
55 Fruit Street
Boston, MA 02114
Phone: 617-726-6909
Fax: 617-726-6909
Email: avruch@molbio.mgh.harvard.edu

University of Colorado DERC
John Hutton, Ph.D.
Program/Research Director
Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes
1775 North Ursula Street
P.O. Box 6511, Mail Stop Box B-140
Aurora, CO 80045
Phone: 303-724-6837
Fax: 303-724-6838
Email: john.hutton@uchsc.edu
Internet: www.ucdenver.edu/academics/colleges/medicalschool/centers/BarbaraDavis/DERC/Pages/Directors.aspx

University of Iowa DERC
Robert Bar, M.D.
Professor Emeritus
Director, Iowa Diabetes-Endocrinology Research Center
Director, VA/JDF Diabetes Research Center
3E19 VA Medical Center
Iowa City, IA 52246
Phone: 319-338-0581, ext. 7625
Fax: 319-339-7025
Email: robert-bar@uiowa.edu (no acct registered)
Internet: www.int-med.uiowa.edu/faculty.html

University of Massachusetts Medical School DERC
Aldo Rossini, M.D.
373 Plantation Street, Suite 218
Worcester, MA 01605
Phone: 508-856-3800
Fax: 508-856-4093
Email: Aldo.Rossini@umassmed.edu
Internet: www.umassmed.edu/diabetes

University of Pennsylvania DERC
Mitchell Lazar, M.D.
Chief, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
611 Clinical Research Building
415 Curie Boulevard
Philadelphia, PA 19104-6149
Phone: 215-898-0198
Fax: 215-898-5408
Email: lazar@mail.med.upenn.edu
Internet: www.med.upenn.edu/lazarlab

University of Washington DERC
Jerry P. Palmer, M.D.
Director
Box 358285
DVA Puget Sound Health Care System
1660 S. Columbian Way
Seattle, WA 98108
Phone: 206-764-2688
Fax: 206-764-2693
Email: jpp@u.washington.edu
Internet: depts.washington.edu/diabetes/index.html

Yale University School of Medicine DERC
Robert Sherwin, M.D.
Department of Internal Medicine
P.O. Box 208020
333 Cedar Street
Section of Endocrinology
New Haven, CT 06520-8020
Phone: 203-785-4183
Fax: 203-737-5558
Email: robert.sherwin@yale.edu
Internet: info.med.yale.edu/intmed/faculty/sherwin.html

National Eye Institute (NEI)

2020 Vision Place
Bethesda, MD 20892-3655
Phone: 1-800-869-2020 (for health professionals only)
Fax: 301-402-1065
Email: 2020@nei.nih.gov
Internet: www.nei.nih.gov

Mission: To promote public and professional awareness of the importance of early diagnosis and treatment of diabetic eye disease. NEHEP is a partnership with various public and private organizations that plan and implement eye health education programs targeted to a variety of high-risk audiences.

Materials: NEI produces patient and professional education materials related to diabetic eye disease and its treatment, including literature for patients, guides for health professionals, and education kits for community health workers and pharmacists. The following titles focus on diabetic eye disease: Educating People with Diabetes (kit), Information Kit for Pharmacists, and Ojo con su Visión (Watch Out for Your Vision) (in Spanish).

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Information Center

Attn: Web Site
P.O. Box 30105
Bethesda, MD 20824-0105
Phone: 301-592-8573
TTY: 240-629-3255
Fax: 240-629-3246
Email: nhlbiinfo@nhlbi.nih.gov
Internet: www.nhlbi.nih.gov

Mission: To provide information and respond to inquiries related to the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, blood, and sleep disorders.

Materials: Patient education and professional materials are available on numerous topics, including cholesterol, high blood pressure, asthma, blood disease, heart disease, heart attack, exercise, obesity, lung disease, and sleep disorders. Treatment guidelines for health professionals are available on cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity, and asthma. Serial publications Heart Memo, which provides program updates about cholesterol, high blood pressure, and heart attack, and Asthma Memo, which describes the activities of the National Asthma Education and Prevention Program, are available only online.

National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research/
National Oral Health Information Clearinghouse (NOHIC)

1 NOHIC Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3500
Phone: 1-866-232-4528
Fax: 301-480-4098
Email: nidcrinfo@mail.nih.gov
Internet: www.nidcr.nih.gov/OralHealth

Mission: To serve as a resource for patients, health professionals, and the public who seek information about general oral health topics and the oral health of special care patients: people with genetic or systemic disorders that compromise oral health, people whose medical treatment causes oral problems, and people with mental or physical disabilities that make dental hygiene difficult. A service of the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, NOHIC gathers and disseminates information from many sources, including voluntary health organizations, educational institutions, Government agencies, and industry.

Materials: NOHIC provides a variety of services to help patients and professionals obtain information including patient and professional educational materials.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)

National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion
Division of Diabetes Translation
Mail Stop K-10
4770 Buford Highway NE
Atlanta, GA 30341-3717
Phone: 1-800-CDC-INFO (1-800-232-4636) or 770-448-5000
TTY: 1-888-232-6348
Fax: 770-488-8211
Email: diabetes@cdc.gov
Internet: www.cdc.gov/diabetes

Mission: To eliminate the preventable burden of diabetes through leadership, research, programs, and policies that translate science into practice.

Materials: CDC distributes several publications including a patient guide for people with diabetes (available in English and Spanish) and the eight-page National Diabetes Fact Sheet: National Estimates and General Information on Diabetes in the United States. State-based diabetes prevention and control programs develop and maintain local programs and produce materials on diabetes for the general public and health professionals. Internet home page includes fact sheets, statistics, publications, and information about state diabetes prevention and control programs.

Indian Health Service (IHS)

Indian Health Service National Diabetes Program
5300 Homestead Road, NE
Albuquerque, NM 87110
Phone: 505-248-4182 or 505-248-4236
Fax: 505-248-4188
Email: diabetesprogram@mail.ihs.gov
Internet: www.ihs.gov/medicalprograms/diabetes

Mission: To develop, document, and sustain a health effort to prevent and control diabetes in American Indian and Alaska Native communities.

Materials: IHS makes many diabetes resources available, including the Diabetes Curriculum Packet, nutrition education materials, general diabetes information, professional resources, training programs, posters, audiovisual materials, and other patient education materials. Educational materials are directed toward American Indian and Alaska Native populations, and some materials are available at a lower reading level. Materials can be obtained upon request from the IHS National Diabetes Office.

Office of Minority Health Resource Center (OMH-RC)

P.O. Box 37337
Washington, DC 20013-7337
Phone: 1-800-444-6472
Fax: 301-251-2160
Email: info@omhrc.gov
Internet: www.omhrc.gov

Mission: To improve the health of racial and ethnic populations through the development of health policies and programs. OMH-RC is the largest resource and referral service on minority health in the Nation.

Materials: OMH-RC offers information, publications, mailing lists, database searches, referrals, and more for African American, Asian, Hispanic/Latino, American Indian/Alaska Native, and Pacific Islander populations. OMH-RC publishes the newsletters Closing the Gap and HIV Impact.

Department of Veterans Affairs

Veterans Health Administration (VHA)

Program Chief, Diabetes
Veterans Health Administration
810 Vermont Avenue, NW
Washington, DC 20420
Phone: 202-273-5400
Fax: 202-273-9142
Internet: www1.va.gov/diabetes/#veterans

Mission: To decrease the prevalence of adverse health outcomes in veterans with diabetes by ensuring that each patient at each facility has access to preventive and treatment programs that meet national standards of care.

Materials: The VHA Diabetes Clinical Practice Guidelines is a comprehensive, evidence-based document that incorporates information from several existing, national consensus, evidence-based guidelines into a format that maximally facilitates clinical decisionmaking. An algorithmic format was chosen because of evidence that such a format improves data collection and diagnostic and therapeutics decisionmaking and changes patterns of resource use. Guidelines were developed in six major subject areas, including glycemic control, foot care, eye care, hypertension, lipids, and renal disease. A computer version of the algorithm is under discussion.

Professional and Voluntary Associations

American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists (AACE)

1000 Riverside Avenue, Suite 200
Jacksonville, FL 32202
Phone: 904-353-7878
Fax: 904-353-8185
Internet: www.aace.com

Mission: To provide an avenue for the study of the scientific, social, political, and economic aspects of endocrinology consistent with maintaining the highest levels of patient care and the highest standards of medical practice. AACE is an international organization representing physicians devoted to enhancing the field of clinical endocrinology.

Materials: AACE publishes a peer-reviewed scientific journal, Endocrine Practice. The organization also publishes The First Messenger newsletter and other timely publications, such as practice guidelines, to keep members abreast of scientific developments and news.

American Association of Diabetes Educators (AADE)

200 W. Madison Avenue, Suite 800
Chicago, IL 60606
Phone: 1-800-338-3633 or 312-424-2426
Diabetes Educator Access Line: 1-800-TEAMUP4 (1-800-832-6874)
Fax: 312-424-2427
Email: aade@aadenet.org
Internet: www.diabeteseducator.org

Mission: AADE is a multi-disciplinary organization of more than 10,000 health professionals dedicated to advocating quality diabetes education and care.

Materials: AADE publishes The Diabetes Educator, a bimonthly journal for multidisciplinary members of the diabetes health care team. The journal publishes the latest diabetes education research and provides valuable teaching tools and techniques. AADE also produces the most comprehensive diabetes education resource, A Core Curriculum for Diabetes Education, now in its third edition. AADE members receive AADE News, providing association-related news and practice information, nine times per year. Call AADE for a complete listing of all educational products, including publications, videotapes, and patient materials, available through the association.

American Diabetes Association (ADA)

1701 North Beauregard Street
Alexandria, VA 22311
Phone: 1-800-DIABETES (1-800-342-2383) (National Call Center)
703-549-1500 (National Service Center)
1-800-232-3472 (professional member department only)
Fax: 703-549-6995
Email: askada@diabetes.org
Professional Membership Email: membership@diabetes.org
Internet: www.diabetes.org

Mission: To prevent and cure diabetes and to improve the lives of everyone affected by diabetes.

Materials: The American Diabetes Association publishes many books and resources for health professionals and people with diabetes. In addition, it publishes Diabetes Forecast, a monthly magazine for people with diabetes, and Diabetes, Diabetes Care, and Diabetes Spectrum, which are professional journals. For further details and ordering information on ADA’s publications, contact the American Diabetes Association, Order Fulfillment Dept., P.O. Box 930850, Atlanta, GA 31193-0850, 1-800-232-6733; or see http://store.diabetes.org on the Internet.

National Call Center
(Part of the American Diabetes Association)

Our trained staff at 1-800-DIABETES (1-800-342-2383) is dedicated to answering thousands of calls and e-mails a day from people with diabetes, as well as their families, friends and health care professionals. To be a source the public can count on, the National Call Center is available Monday through Friday from 8:30 a.m. to 8:00 p.m. Eastern time to provide support, encouragement, and education on diabetes management through a variety of free pamphlets and brochures.

American Dietetic Association (ADA)

120 South Riverside Plaza, Suite 2000
Chicago, IL 60606-6995
Internet: www.eatright.org (Click on “Find a Nutrition Professional”)

Mission: To promote optimal nutrition and well-being for all people by advocating for its members.

Materials: The American Dietetic Association publishes a monthly professional journal, The Journal of the American Dietetic Association, and a monthly newsletter, ADA Courier. In addition, it publishes many books and other resources for consumers and professionals.

Diabetes Care and Education Dietetic Practice Group (DCE)
(a subgroup of the American Dietetic Association)
For information, contact the American Dietetic Association using the above information.

Mission: To promote quality nutrition care and education. As leaders in the diabetes community, DCE members make positive contributions to people with diabetes and their families, the DCE membership, and other professional organizations and industry.

Materials: Professional and consumer publications are created by DCE in conjunction with both the American Dietetic Association and the American Diabetes Association. Materials can be ordered through either association. A bimonthly newsletter is published for members.

Consumer Nutrition Hotline
(part of the American Dietetic Association)

Internet: www.eatright.org

Mission: A toll-free consumer nutrition hotline that provides a referral service to registered dietitians.

American Podiatric Medical Association (APMA)

9312 Old Georgetown Road
Bethesda, MD 20814-1621
Phone: 301-581-9200
Fax: 301-530-2752
Internet: www.apma.org
APMA Foot Care Information Center
Phone: 1-800-FOOT-CARE (1-800-366-8227)

Mission: To serve the professional needs and promote the standards and ethics of doctors of podiatric medicine and their services to the public.

Materials: The APMA’s website has a “Find a Podiatrist” feature, which allows users to search for an APMA member podiatrist by zip code. The APMA also publishes a monthly magazine, APMA News; a monthly journal, Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association; and a diabetes-specific booklet, Your Podiatric Physician Talks About Diabetes, along with many other brochures on various foot health topics.

American Urological Association Foundation (AUAF)

1000 Corporate Boulevard
Linthicum, MD 21090
Phone: 1-866-RINGAUA (1-866-746-4282) or 410-689-3700
Fax: 410-689-3800
Email: auafoundation@auafoundation.org
Internet: www.auafoundation.org or www.UrologyHealth.org
Michael T. Sheppard, C.P.A., C.A.E., Executive Director

Mission: To provide research grants, patient and public education and awareness, Government relations, and patient support group activities.

Materials: Informational brochure about the American Urological Association Foundation, Family Urology (quarterly magazine), and patient education brochures.

Councils: Bladder Health Council, Kidney Health Council, Pediatric Urology Health Council, Prostate Health Council, Sexual Function Health Council.

Diabetes Action Research and Education Foundation

426 C Street, NE
Washington, DC 20002
Phone: 202-333-4520
Fax: 202-558-5240
Email: info@diabetesaction.org
Internet: www.diabetesaction.org

Mission: To support and promote education and scientific research to enhance the quality of life for everyone affected by diabetes.

Materials: The foundation publishes the booklet Managing Your Diabetes: Basics and Beyond.

Diabetes Exercise and Sports Association (DESA)

8001 Montcastle Drive
Nashville, TN 37221
Phone: 1-800-898-4322
Fax: 615-673-2077
Email: desa@diabetes-exercise.org
Internet: www.diabetes-exercise.org

Mission: To enhance the quality of life for people with diabetes through exercise.

Materials: The Challenge is DESA’s quarterly newsletter. DESA also provides pamphlets on diabetes and exercise.

Endocrine Society

8401 Connecticut Avenue, Suite 900
Chevy Chase, MD 20815-5817
Phone: 301-941-0200 or 1-888-363-6274
Fax: 301-941-0259
Email: pcorrea@endo-society.org
Internet: www.endo-society.org

Mission: To promote excellence in research, education, and the clinical practice of endocrinology; foster a greater understanding of endocrinology among the general public and practitioners of complementary medical disciplines; and promote the interests of all endocrinologists at the national scientific research and health policy levels of Government.

Materials: The Endocrine Society publishes four professional journals: Endocrinology, The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endocrine Reviews, and Molecular Endocrinology. Another publication, The Clinical Endocrinology Update Syllabus, provides practicing endocrinologists with a review of the diagnosis and management of all major components of contemporary endocrinology.

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF)

26 Broadway, 14th Floor
New York, NY 10004
Phone: 1-800-533-CURE (1-800-533-2873)
Fax: 212-785-9595
Email: info@jdrf.org
Internet: www.jdrf.org

Mission: To support and fund research to find a cure for diabetes and its complications. The Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF) is a nonprofit, voluntary health agency, and the world’s leading charitable funder of research to find a cure for diabetes.

Materials: JDRF publishes the quarterly magazines Countdown and Countdown for Kids, as well as a series of patient education brochures about type 1 and type 2 diabetes and also a research e-newsletter to provide the latest information about research on type 1 diabetes and its complications.

National Certification Board for Diabetes Educators (NCBDE)

330 East Algonquin Road, Suite 4
Arlington Heights, IL 60005
Phone: 847-228-9795
Phone requests for exam applications: 913-541-0400
Fax: 847-228-8469
Email: info@ncbde.org
Internet: www.ncbde.org

Mission: To promote excellence in the field of diabetes education through the development, maintenance, and protection of the Certified Diabetes Educator (CDE) credential and the certification process.

Materials: NCBDE publishes a brochure that contains information about eligibility requirements and the certification examination.

National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP)

Randie R. Little, Ph.D., Network Coordinator
Department of Child Health
University of Missouri Hospital & Clinics
1 Hospital Drive N712
Columbia, MO 65212
Phone: 573-882-6882
Fax: 573-884-8823
Email: ngsp@missouri.edu
Internet: www.ngsp.org

Mission: To standardize glycated hemoglobin test results so that clinical laboratory results are comparable to those reported in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT), where relationships to mean blood glucose and risk for vascular complications have been established.

National Kidney Foundation (NKF)

30 East 33rd Street
New York, NY 10016
Phone: 1-800-622-9010 or 212-889-2210
Fax: 212-689-9261
Email: info@kidney.org
Internet: www.kidney.org

Mission: To prevent kidney and urinary tract diseases, improve the health and well-being of individuals and families affected by these diseases, and increase the availability of all organs for transplantation. Through its 51 affiliates nationwide, NKF conducts programs in research, professional education, patient and community services, public education, and donation. The work of NKF, a major voluntary health organization, is funded primarily by public donations.

Materials: NKF has several publications including American Journal of Kidney Diseases, Journal of Renal Nutrition, Advances in Renal Replacement Therapy, Journal of Nephrology Social Work, Renalink, NKF MD, NKF Family Focus, Transplant Chronicles, and For Those Who Give and Grieve. Additional patient and public education materials are also available.

Pedorthic Footwear Association (PFA)

2025 M Street, NW, Suite 800
Washington, DC 20036
Phone: 202-367-1145 or 1-800-673-8447
Fax: 202-367-2145
Internet: www.pedorthics.org

Mission: To increase knowledge and understanding of pedorthics and its practice, encourage development of new pedorthic tools and techniques, and foster the professional development of pedorthic practitioners.

Materials: PFA publishes the bimonthly magazine Current Pedorthics, formerly called Pedoscope; the brochures Pedorthics: Foot Care Through Proper Footwear and Diabetes & Pedorthics: Conservative Foot Care; reference guides; and manuals.

National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse

1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892–3560
Phone: 1–800–860–8747
TTY: 1–866–569–1162
Fax: 703–738–4929
Email: ndic@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov

The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse (NDIC) is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK). The NIDDK is part of the National Institutes of Health of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Established in 1978, the Clearinghouse provides information about diabetes to people with diabetes and to their families, health care professionals, and the public. The NDIC answers inquiries, develops and distributes publications, and works closely with professional and patient organizations and Government agencies to coordinate resources about diabetes.

This publication is not copyrighted. The Clearinghouse encourages users of this publication to duplicate and distribute as many copies as desired.

Page last updated: February 10, 2010

Source: The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health.

Tags: diabetes organizations, niddk, NIH, resource

Better Management Of Diabetes With Diabetesdek

August 8, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes and Youth, Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

By: Adam s casper

If you have a child or teen that faces problems managing and coping with diabetes the latest edition of the easy to read and informative Pediatric DiabetesDek is now available. It contains useful and up-to-date information about better managing life with diabetes.

The Pediatric DiabetesDek contains reliable and practical how to information about coping with the challenges of living a life affected by type 1 diabetes. The Pediatric DiabetesDek helps families that have a child or teen with type 1 diabetes better understand their special needs. It facilitates standing up to the stress and challenges of such situations.

The Pediatric DiabetesDek contains valuable information that helps family members control the diabetes of their loved one. It is not uncommon for diabetics to suffer from conditions such as ketoacidosis or hypoglycemia. The information available helps you better deal with such potential emergencies.

The Pediatric DiabetesDek provides in-depth information about the various types of diabetes such as type 1, type 2, monogenic, and gestational diabetes. It also tells you how they are connected and why it is important to have all the data possible about such conditions.

You can share correct information with a friend or a family member about the importance of maintaining the right levels of blood glucose and how exercising regularly and eating the right type of food can help them mitigate the risks associated with pediatric diabetes.

The Pediatric DiabetesDek explains in great detail and in lucid language, the various crucial aspects of diabetes management. It describes in detail the role of insulin in diabetes management and other important aspects of using insulin such as an insulin regime, the dosage that needs to be administered for effective treatment as well as the different types of insulin available for treatment of various types of diabetes.

The Pediatric DiabetesDek will also point out some proper foods to eat and the appropriate serving sizes. This useful information will help you help your loved ones manage their weight.

Diabetes is a health condition that requires intense care and proper health management on all fronts. The information provided in the Pediatric DiabetesDek describes how you can provide children and teens with much of the care they need. It helps address crucial issues such as managing depression, and long term health concerns such as stroke and heart related diseases.

Article Source: http://www.articlesnatch.com

About the Author:
Welcome to InfoDek, A Professional pediatric diabetes guide for your family to manage and control diabetes in children and teens. DiabetesDek publications are pocket sized booklets that contains useful advice and information regarding diabetes.

Tags: Alan s Casper, diabetes, Diabetesdek, health, manage diabetes, pediatric diabetes, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes

Diabetes, Heart Disease, and Stroke

July 26, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes Information, Diabetes Prevention, Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

Education Programs

pears bike insulin

On this page:

- What is diabetes?
- What is pre-diabetes?
- What is the connection between diabetes, heart disease, and stroke?
- What are the risk factors for heart disease and stroke in people with diabetes?
- What is metabolic syndrome and how is it linked to heart disease?
- What can I do to prevent or delay heart disease and stroke?
- How will I know whether my diabetes treatment is working?
- What types of heart and blood vessel disease occur in people with diabetes?
- How will I know whether I have heart disease?
- What are the treatment options for heart disease?
- How will I know whether I have had a stroke?
- What are the treatment options for stroke?
- Points to Remember
- Hope through Research
- For More Information

Having diabetes or pre-diabetes puts you at increased risk for heart disease and stroke. You can lower your risk by keeping your blood glucose (also called blood sugar), blood pressure, and blood cholesterol close to the recommended target numbers-the levels suggested by diabetes experts for good health. (For more information about target numbers for people with diabetes, see “How will I know whether I have heart disease?”.) Reaching your targets also can help prevent narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels in your legs, a condition called peripheral arterial disease. You can reach your targets by:

choosing foods wisely
being physically active
taking medications if needed

If you have already had a heart attack or a stroke, taking care of yourself can help prevent future health problems.

What is diabetes?

Diabetes is a disorder of metabolism-the way our bodies use digested food for energy. Most of the food we eat is broken down into glucose, the form of sugar in the blood. Glucose is the body’s main source of fuel.

After digestion, glucose enters the bloodstream. Then glucose goes to cells throughout the body where it is used for energy. However, a hormone called insulin must be present to allow glucose to enter the cells. Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas, a large gland behind the stomach.

In people who do not have diabetes, the pancreas automatically produces the right amount of insulin to move glucose from blood into the cells. However, diabetes develops when the pancreas does not make enough insulin, or the cells in the muscles, liver, and fat do not use insulin properly, or both. As a result, the amount of glucose in the blood increases while the cells are starved of energy.

Over time, high blood glucose levels damage nerves and blood vessels, leading to complications such as heart disease and stroke, the leading causes of death among people with diabetes. Uncontrolled diabetes can eventually lead to other health problems as well, such as vision loss, kidney failure, and amputations.

Anatomic drawing of a male figure that shows the heart and blood vessels located throughout the body.
Diabetes can lead to heart and blood vessel disease.

What is pre-diabetes?

Pre-diabetes is a condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough for a diagnosis of diabetes. Pre-diabetes is also called impaired fasting glucose or impaired glucose tolerance. Many people with pre-diabetes develop type 2 diabetes within 10 years. In addition, they are at risk for heart disease and stroke. With modest weight loss and moderate physical activity, people with pre-diabetes can delay or prevent type 2 diabetes and lower their risk of heart disease and stroke.

What is the connection between diabetes, heart disease, and stroke?

If you have diabetes, you are at least twice as likely as someone who does not have diabetes to have heart disease or a stroke. People with diabetes also tend to develop heart disease or have strokes at an earlier age than other people. If you are middle-aged and have type 2 diabetes, some studies suggest that your chance of having a heart attack is as high as someone without diabetes who has already had one heart attack. Women who have not gone through menopause usually have less risk of heart disease than men of the same age. But women of all ages with diabetes have an increased risk of heart disease because diabetes cancels out the protective effects of being a woman in her child-bearing years.

People with diabetes who have already had one heart attack run an even greater risk of having a second one. In addition, heart attacks in people with diabetes are more serious and more likely to result in death. High blood glucose levels over time can lead to increased deposits of fatty materials on the insides of the blood vessel walls. These deposits may affect blood flow, increasing the chance of clogging and hardening of blood vessels (atherosclerosis).

Drawing of two blood vessels. The blood vessels are drawn in cross-section to reveal the inside wall of the vessels. The healthy blood vessel has a smooth inner wall. The other blood vessel shows build-up of fatty material, which narrows the blood vessel.

What are the risk factors for heart disease and stroke in people with diabetes?

Diabetes itself is a risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Also, many people with diabetes have other conditions that increase their chance of developing heart disease and stroke. These conditions are called risk factors. One risk factor for heart disease and stroke is having a family history of heart disease. If one or more members of your family had a heart attack at an early age (before age 55 for men or 65 for women), you may be at increased risk.

You can’t change whether heart disease runs in your family, but you can take steps to control the other risk factors for heart disease listed here:

Having central obesity.
Central obesity means carrying extra weight around the waist, as opposed to the hips. A waist measurement of more than 40 inches for men and more than 35 inches for women means you have central obesity. Your risk of heart disease is higher because abdominal fat can increase the production of LDL (bad) cholesterol, the type of blood fat that can be deposited on the inside of blood vessel walls.
Having abnormal blood fat (cholesterol) levels.
- LDL cholesterol can build up inside your blood vessels, leading to narrowing and hardening of your arteries-the blood vessels that carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Arteries can then become blocked. Therefore, high levels of LDL cholesterol raise your risk of getting heart disease.
- Triglycerides are another type of blood fat that can raise your risk of heart disease when the levels are high.
- HDL (good) cholesterol removes deposits from inside your blood vessels and takes them to the liver for removal. Low levels of HDL cholesterol increase your risk for heart disease.
Having high blood pressure.
If you have high blood pressure, also called hypertension, your heart must work harder to pump blood. High blood pressure can strain the heart, damage blood vessels, and increase your risk of heart attack, stroke, eye problems, and kidney problems.
Smoking.
Smoking doubles your risk of getting heart disease. Stopping smoking is especially important for people with diabetes because both smoking and diabetes narrow blood vessels. Smoking also increases the risk of other long-term complications, such as eye problems. In addition, smoking can damage the blood vessels in your legs and increase the risk of amputation.

What is metabolic syndrome and how is it linked to heart disease?

Metabolic syndrome is a grouping of traits and medical conditions that puts people at risk for both heart disease and type 2 diabetes. It is defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program as having any three of the following five traits and medical conditions:

Traits and Medical Conditions
Definition

Elevated waist circumference
Waist measurement of

40 inches or more in men
35 inches or more in women

Elevated levels of triglycerides

150 mg/dL or higher
or
Taking medication for elevated triglyceride levels

Low levels of HDL (good) cholesterol

Below 40 mg/dL in men
Below 50 mg/dL in women
or
Taking medication for low HDL cholesterol levels

Elevated blood pressure levels

130 mm Hg or higher for systolic blood pressure or
85 mm Hg or higher for diastolic blood pressure
or
Taking medication for elevated blood pressure levels

Elevated fasting blood glucose levels

100 mg/dL or higher
or
Taking medication for elevated blood glucose levels

What can I do to prevent or delay heart disease and stroke?

Even if you are at high risk for heart disease and stroke, you can help keep your heart and blood vessels healthy. You can do so by taking the following steps:

Make sure that your diet is “heart-healthy.”Meet with a registered dietitian to plan a diet that meets these goals:
- Include at least 14 grams of fiber daily for every 1,000 calories consumed. Foods high in fiber may help lower blood cholesterol. Oat bran, oatmeal, whole-grain breads and cereals, dried beans and peas (such as kidney beans, pinto beans, and black-eyed peas), fruits, and vegetables are all good sources of fiber. Increase the amount of fiber in your diet gradually to avoid digestive problems.
- Cut down on saturated fat. It raises your blood cholesterol level. Saturated fat is found in meats, poultry skin, butter, dairy products with fat, shortening, lard, and tropical oils such as palm and coconut oil. Your dietitian can figure out how many grams of saturated fat should be your daily maximum amount.
- Keep the cholesterol in your diet to less than 300 milligrams a day. Cholesterol is found in meat, dairy products, and eggs.
- Keep the amount of trans fat in your diet to a minimum. It’s a type of fat in foods that raises blood cholesterol. Limit your intake of crackers, cookies, snack foods, commercially prepared baked goods, cake mixes, microwave popcorn, fried foods, salad dressings, and other foods made with partially hydrogenated oil. In addition, some kinds of vegetable shortening and margarines have trans fat. Check for trans fat in the Nutrition Facts section on the food package.
Make physical activity part of your routine. Aim for at least 30 minutes of exercise most days of the week. Think of ways to increase physical activity, such as taking the stairs instead of the elevator. If you haven’t been physically active recently, see your doctor for a checkup before you start an exercise program.
Reach and maintain a healthy body weight. If you are overweight, try to be physically active for at least 30 minutes a day, most days of the week. Consult a registered dietitian for help in planning meals and lowering the fat and calorie content of your diet to reach and maintain a healthy weight. Aim for a loss of no more than 1 to 2 pounds a week.
If you smoke, quit. Your doctor can help you find ways to quit smoking.
Ask your doctor whether you should take aspirin. Studies have shown that taking a low dose of aspirin every day can help reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke. However, aspirin is not safe for everyone. Your doctor can tell you whether taking aspirin is right for you and exactly how much to take.
Get prompt treatment for transient ischemic attacks (TIAs). Early treatment for TIAs, sometimes called mini-strokes, may help prevent or delay a future stroke. Signs of a TIA are sudden weakness, loss of balance, numbness, confusion, blindness in one or both eyes, double vision, difficulty speaking, or a severe headache.

How will I know whether my diabetes treatment is working?

You can keep track of the ABCs of diabetes to make sure your treatment is working. Talk with your health care provider about the best targets for you.

A stands for A1C (a test that measures blood glucose control). Have an A1C test at least twice a year. It shows your average blood glucose level over the past 3 months. Talk with your doctor about whether you should check your blood glucose at home and how to do it.

A1C target

Below 7 percent

Blood glucose targets

Before meals
90 to 130 mg/dL

1 to 2 hours after the start of a meal
Less than 180 mg/dL

B is for blood pressure. Have it checked at every office visit.

Blood pressure target

Below 130/80 mm Hg

C is for cholesterol. Have it checked at least once a year.

Blood fat (cholesterol) targets

LDL (bad) cholesterol
Under 100 mg/dL

Triglycerides
Under 150 mg/dL

HDL (good) cholesterol
For men: above 40 mg/dL
For women: above 50 mg/dL

Control of the ABCs of diabetes can reduce your risk for heart disease and stroke. If your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol levels aren’t on target, ask your doctor what changes in diet, activity, and medications can help you reach these goals.

What types of heart and blood vessel disease occur in people with diabetes?

Two major types of heart and blood vessel disease, also called cardiovascular disease, are common in people with diabetes: coronary artery disease (CAD) and cerebral vascular disease. People with diabetes are also at risk for heart failure. Narrowing or blockage of the blood vessels in the legs, a condition called peripheral arterial disease, can also occur in people with diabetes.

Coronary Artery Disease

Coronary artery disease, also called ischemic heart disease, is caused by a hardening or thickening of the walls of the blood vessels that go to your heart. Your blood supplies oxygen and other materials your heart needs for normal functioning. If the blood vessels to your heart become narrowed or blocked by fatty deposits, the blood supply is reduced or cut off, resulting in a heart attack.

Cerebral Vascular Disease

Cerebral vascular disease affects blood flow to the brain, leading to strokes and TIAs. It is caused by narrowing, blocking, or hardening of the blood vessels that go to the brain or by high blood pressure.

Stroke

A stroke results when the blood supply to the brain is suddenly cut off, which can occur when a blood vessel in the brain or neck is blocked or bursts. Brain cells are then deprived of oxygen and die. A stroke can result in problems with speech or vision or can cause weakness or paralysis. Most strokes are caused by fatty deposits or blood clots-jelly-like clumps of blood cells-that narrow or block one of the blood vessels in the brain or neck. A blood clot may stay where it formed or can travel within the body. People with diabetes are at increased risk for strokes caused by blood clots.

A stroke may also be caused by a bleeding blood vessel in the brain. Called an aneurysm, a break in a blood vessel can occur as a result of high blood pressure or a weak spot in a blood vessel wall.

TIAs

TIAs are caused by a temporary blockage of a blood vessel to the brain. This blockage leads to a brief, sudden change in brain function, such as temporary numbness or weakness on one side of the body. Sudden changes in brain function also can lead to loss of balance, confusion, blindness in one or both eyes, double vision, difficulty speaking, or a severe headache. However, most symptoms disappear quickly and permanent damage is unlikely. If symptoms do not resolve in a few minutes, rather than a TIA, the event could be a stroke. The occurrence of a TIA means that a person is at risk for a stroke sometime in the future. See page 3 for more information on risk factors for stroke.

Heart Failure

Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart cannot pump blood properly-it does not mean that the heart suddenly stops working. Heart failure develops over a period of years, and symptoms can get worse over time. People with diabetes have at least twice the risk of heart failure as other people. One type of heart failure is congestive heart failure, in which fluid builds up inside body tissues. If the buildup is in the lungs, breathing becomes difficult.

Blockage of the blood vessels and high blood glucose levels also can damage heart muscle and cause irregular heart beats. People with damage to heart muscle, a condition called cardiomyopathy, may have no symptoms in the early stages, but later they may experience weakness, shortness of breath, a severe cough, fatigue, and swelling of the legs and feet. Diabetes can also interfere with pain signals normally carried by the nerves, explaining why a person with diabetes may not experience the typical warning signs of a heart attack.

Peripheral Arterial Disease

Another condition related to heart disease and common in people with diabetes is peripheral arterial disease (PAD). With this condition, the blood vessels in the legs are narrowed or blocked by fatty deposits, decreasing blood flow to the legs and feet. PAD increases the chances of a heart attack or stroke occurring. Poor circulation in the legs and feet also raises the risk of amputation. Sometimes people with PAD develop pain in the calf or other parts of the leg when walking, which is relieved by resting for a few minutes.

How will I know whether I have heart disease?

One sign of heart disease is angina, the pain that occurs when a blood vessel to the heart is narrowed and the blood supply is reduced. You may feel pain or discomfort in your chest, shoulders, arms, jaw, or back, especially when you exercise. The pain may go away when you rest or take angina medicine. Angina does not cause permanent damage to the heart muscle, but if you have angina, your chance of having a heart attack increases.

A heart attack occurs when a blood vessel to the heart becomes blocked. With blockage, not enough blood can reach that part of the heart muscle and permanent damage results. During a heart attack, you may have

chest pain or discomfort
pain or discomfort in your arms, back, jaw, neck, or stomach
shortness of breath
sweating
nausea
light-headedness

Symptoms may come and go. However, in some people, particularly those with diabetes, symptoms may be mild or absent due to a condition in which the heart rate stays at the same level during exercise, inactivity, stress, or sleep. Also, nerve damage caused by diabetes may result in lack of pain during a heart attack.

Women may not have chest pain but may be more likely to have shortness of breath, nausea, or back and jaw pain. If you have symptoms of a heart attack, call 911 right away. Treatment is most effective if given within an hour of a heart attack. Early treatment can prevent permanent damage to the heart.

Your doctor should check your risk for heart disease and stroke at least once a year by checking your cholesterol and blood pressure levels and asking whether you smoke or have a family history of premature heart disease. The doctor can also check your urine for protein, another risk factor for heart disease. If you are at high risk or have symptoms of heart disease, you may need to undergo further testing.

What are the treatment options for heart disease?

Treatment for heart disease includes meal planning to ensure a heart-healthy diet and physical activity. In addition, you may need medications to treat heart damage or to lower your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol. If you are not already taking a low dose of aspirin every day, your doctor may suggest it. You also may need surgery or some other medical procedure.

For additional information about heart and blood vessel disease, high blood pressure, and high cholesterol, call the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Health Information Center at 301-592-8573 or see www.nhlbi.nih.gov on the Internet.

[

How will I know whether I have had a stroke?

The following signs may mean that you have had a stroke:

sudden weakness or numbness of your face, arm, or leg on one side of your body
sudden confusion, trouble talking, or trouble understanding
sudden dizziness, loss of balance, or trouble walking
sudden trouble seeing out of one or both eyes or sudden double vision
sudden severe headache

If you have any of these symptoms, call 911 right away. You can help prevent permanent damage by getting to a hospital within an hour of a stroke. If your doctor thinks you have had a stroke, you may have tests such as a neurological examination to check your nervous system, special scans, blood tests, ultrasound examinations, or x rays. You also may be given medication that dissolves blood clots.

What are the treatment options for stroke?

At the first sign of a stroke, you should get medical care right away. If blood vessels to your brain are blocked by blood clots, the doctor can give you a “clot-busting” drug. The drug must be given soon after a stroke to be effective. Subsequent treatment for stroke includes medications and physical therapy, as well as surgery to repair the damage. Meal planning and physical activity may be part of your ongoing care. In addition, you may need medications to lower your blood glucose, blood pressure, and cholesterol and to prevent blood clots.

For additional information about strokes, call the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke at 1-800-352-9424 or see www.ninds.nih.gov on the Internet.

Points to Remember

If you have diabetes, you are at least twice as likely as other people to have heart disease or a stroke.
Controlling the ABCs of diabetes-A1C (blood glucose), blood pressure, and cholesterol-can cut your risk of heart disease and stroke.
Choosing foods wisely, being physically active, losing weight, quitting smoking, and taking medications (if needed) can all help lower your risk of heart disease and stroke.
If you have any warning signs of a heart attack or a stroke, get medical care immediately-don’t delay. Early treatment of heart attack and stroke in a hospital emergency room can reduce damage to the heart and the brain.

For More Information

National Diabetes Education Program
1 Diabetes Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3600
Phone: 1-800-438-5383
Fax: 703-738-4929
Internet: www.ndep.nih.gov

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Health Information Center
P.O. Box 30105
Bethesda, MD 20824-0105
Phone: 301-592-8573
Fax: 301-592-8563
Email: nhlbiinfo@nhlbi.nih.gov
Internet: www.nhlbi.nih.gov

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke
Brain Resources and Information Network (BRAIN)
P.O. Box 5801
Bethesda, MD 20824-5801
Phone: 1-800-352-9424
Fax: 301-402-2186
Internet: www.ninds.nih.gov

Weight-control Information Network
1 WIN Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3665
Phone: 1-877-946-4627
Fax: 202-828-1028
Email: win@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.win.niddk.nih.gov

American Diabetes Association
National Call Center
1701 North Beauregard Street
Alexandria, VA 22311-1742
Phone: 1-800-DIABETES (1-800-342-2383)
Fax: 703-549-6995
Email: askADA@diabetes.org
Internet: www.diabetes.org

American Association of Diabetes Educators
100 West Monroe, Suite 400
Chicago, IL 60603-1922
Phone: 1-800-338-3633
Diabetes Educator Access Line: 1-800-TEAMUP4 (1-800-832-6874)
Fax: 312-424-2427
Email: aade@aadenet.org
Internet: www.diabeteseducator.org

Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International
120 Wall Street
New York, NY 10005-4001
Phone: 1-800-533-2873
Fax: 212-785-9595
Email: info@jdrf.org
Internet: www.jdrf.org

American Heart Association
7272 Greenville Avenue
Dallas, TX 75231-4596
Phone: 1-800-AHA-USA1 (242-8721)
Fax: 214-369-3685
Internet: www.americanheart.org

Source:

The National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse is a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health.

National Diabetes Information Clearinghouse
1 Information Way
Bethesda, MD 20892-3560
Phone: 1-800-860-8747
TTY: 1-866-569-1162
Fax: 1-703-738-4929
Email: ndic@info.niddk.nih.gov
Internet: www.diabetes.niddk.nih.gov

Tags: cholesterol, diabetes, glucose, heart disease, NDIC, niddk, NIH, pre-diabetes, stroke

Type 2 Diabetes: Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow

July 10, 2011 · Posted in Diabetes and Youth, Diabetes Information, Diabetes Resources · Comments Off

Diabetes, Type 2

YESTERDAY

No proven strategies existed to prevent the disease or its complications.
The only ways to treat diabetes were the now-obsolete forms of insulin from cows and pigs, and drugs that stimulate insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas (sulfonylureas). Both of these therapies cause dangerous low blood sugar reactions and weight gain. Patients monitored their glucose levels with urine tests, which recognized high but not dangerously low glucose levels and reflected past, not current, glucose levels. More reliable methods for testing glucose levels in the blood had not been developed yet.
While scientists knew that genes played a role (i.e., the disease often runs in families), they had not identified any specific culprit genes.
National efforts were not being made to combat obesity—a serious risk factor for the disease. Fewer people developed type 2 diabetes compared to today because overweight, obesity, and physical inactivity were not pervasive.
Patients were almost exclusively adults—the reason that the disease was formerly called “adult onset diabetes.” It was rare in children or young adults.

TODAY

Type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed. The NIH-funded Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) clinical trial (http://diabetes.niddk.nih.gov/dm/pubs/preventionprogram/) found a lifestyle intervention (modest weight loss of 5 to 7 percent of body weight and 30 minutes of exercise 5 times weekly) reduced the risk of getting type 2 diabetes by 58 percent in a diverse population of over 3000 adults at high risk for diabetes. In another arm of the study, the drug metformin reduced development of diabetes by 31 percent.
Based on the DPP findings, the National Diabetes Education Program developed the education campaign, “Small Steps. Big Rewards. Prevent Type 2 Diabetes.” to help people at high risk take the necessary steps to prevent the disease (www.ndep.nih.gov).
Ongoing NIH translational research efforts are testing cost effective ways to deliver the DPP-proven lifestyle change in real-world settings. This vigorous effort is needed to address the escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes which now affects 7.8 percent of Americans, disproportionate affects minorities, and is conservatively estimated to be the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S.
Type 2 diabetes is increasing in children, in tandem with rising obesity rates. This trend is alarming because, as younger people develop the disease, the complications, morbidity, and mortality associated with diabetes are all likely to occur earlier. Also, offspring of women with type 2 diabetes are more likely to develop the disease. Thus, the burgeoning of diabetes in younger populations could lead to a vicious cycle of ever-growing rates of diabetes.
The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study (www.searchfordiabetes.org) has provided the first national data on incidence and prevalence of diabetes in youth. About 3700 youth under 20 years old are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes each year, and the disease is particularly prevalent in minority youth.
Research has vastly expanded understanding of the molecular underpinnings of diabetes and its complications. Recent work has boosted to nearly 40 the number of gene regions associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, laying the foundation for new approaches to prevention and therapy.
NIH-supported clinical trials validated a marker called hemoglobin A1C (A1C). This marker reflects average blood sugar control over a 3 month period. This technology, along with tests that allow patients to monitor their own blood glucose throughout the day, helps make better blood glucose control achievable for many people with type 2 diabetes.
Because lower A1C levels have been shown to be predictive of longer life and fewer complications, the test has helped speed development and approval of better forms of insulin and new diabetes medicines that work though a variety of mechanisms. New drugs are available that lower glucose without weight gain or even with modest weight loss. Several agents targeting the specific metabolic abnormalities of type 2 diabetes are now available and can be combined, thus delaying the need for insulin.
Tight blood sugar control has become a standard of treatment for most diabetes patients based on results from NIH clinical trials demonstrating that keeping A1C below 7 can prevent or delay devastating disease complications.
A large clinical trial showed that older patients with longstanding type 2 diabetes at high risk of heart disease do not benefit from more intensive blood glucose control than is currently recommended. These findings spare patients from unneeded therapy and provide important data to help individualize therapy, with less stringent A1C targets suggested for some people such as those with advanced diabetes complications.
Clinical trials have shown that blood pressure and lipid control reduce diabetes complications by up to 50 percent. Physicians are now much better equipped to prevent and control heart disease, which often accompanies diabetes, and is the leading cause of death in people with diabetes.
Nationwide improvements in risk factor control show research-proven strategies are being translated into practice. Improvements in control of cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure have added an estimated one year to the expected lifespan of a person with type 2 diabetes since 1992, and improved quality of life by reducing the incidence of burdensome complications like blindness, lower limb amputations, kidney failure, and coronary heart disease.
As a result of research proving their benefits, Medicare now covers blood glucose self monitoring materials and diabetes education services, helping people to better control their diabetes.
Kidney disease can be detected earlier via urine tests. Therefore, patients can be treated earlier to slow the rate of kidney damage. Improved control of glucose and blood pressure prevents or delays progression of kidney disease to kidney failure. With good care, less than 10 percent of patients develop kidney failure.
With timely laser surgery and appropriate follow-up care, people with advanced diabetic retinopathy can reduce their risk of blindness by 90 percent. A recent study showed a drug which limits blood vessel growth can be an important supplement to laser therapy for diabetic macular edema.
The NIH spent over $1.1 billion on diabetes research in fiscal year 2009. In 2007, total costs attributable to diabetes for Americans was estimated at $174 billion—an increase of 32 percent since 2002.

TOMORROW

Research will find better ways to bring proven diabetes prevention strategies to more people at lower cost.
Earlier and more aggressive treatment approaches may help better prevent diabetes complications.
New understanding of the biology of obesity and insulin resistance is informing the development of new therapeutics to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes.
Identification of susceptibility genes for diabetes and its complications will enable earlier implementation of prevention measures targeted to those at highest risk.
Research on the effect of maternal diabetes on offspring may help to break the vicious diabetes cycle.
Continued research on the mechanisms underlying the development and progression of disease complications will result in the ability to predict who is likely to develop them. Personalized treatments could then be developed to preempt complications. This strategy would dramatically improve the health and well-being of patients.
NIH clinical trials will identify new approaches to prevent and treat the emerging problem of type 2 diabetes in children.

For more information, contact The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK): NIDDKinquiries@nih.gov
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases www.niddk.nih.gov

Source: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Tags: diabetes, diabetes and youth, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institute of Health, niddk, NIH, type 2 diabetes

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